A new numerical model has been developed that makes it possible to describe the process of formation of a dyke of a combined composition on the basis of the dynamics of a viscous compressible fluid. The numerical thermo-mechanical model shows the processes of magma mingling and taking into account multiphase interaction of melts which are different in composition and properties. The models suggest a mechanism for uplifting of high-density mafic enclaves in a chamber/dyke filled with salic magma by gravitational floating in the enclosing granite magma that has been cooled and lost volatile components. The performed simulation shows that the main parameter controlling the shape and size of the ascending bodies is the difference in densities. The viscosity contrast determines whether interpenetration and hybridization of magmas occur. The limiting ratio of felsic material in the mixture, which is capable of uplifting denser mafic enclaves, is estimated. The duration of melt uplifting in combined dykes is estimated with respect to the viscosity parameters. At a typical rate of 2-3 km per year, it amounts to almost 12 months.
The tectonomagmatic evolution of the Sangilen massif has been described in detail in numerous publications, but little attention was given to heat sources related to the HT/LP metamorphism. Modeling of the magma transport to the upper‐crust levels in West Sangilen shows that the NT/LP metamorphism is related to gabbromonodiorite intrusions. This article is focused on the thermo‐mechanical modeling of melting and lifting of melts in the crust, taking into account the density interfaces. The model of the Erzin granitoid massif shows that in case of fractional melting, the magma ascent mechanism is fundamentally different, as opposed to diapir upwelling – percolation take place along a magmatic channel or a system of channels. An estimated rate of diapiric rise in the crust amounts to 0.8 cm/yr, which is more than an order of magnitude lower than the rate of melt migration in case of fractional melting (25 cm/yr). In our models, a metamorphic thermal ‘anticline’ develops in stages that differ, probably, due to the modes of crust melting: batch melting occurs at the first stage, and fractional melting takes place at the second stage. It is probable that the change of melting modes from melting conditions in a ‘closed’ system to fractional melting conditions in ‘open’ systems is determined by tectonic factors. For the Sangilen massif, we have estimated the degrees of melting in the granulite, granite, and sedimentary‐metamorphic layers of the crust (6, 15, and 5 vol. %, respectively).
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