Growing blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L., Highbush blueberry) as a berry crop is developing dynamically, especially in warm temperate, subtropical, and tropical regions of the world. When blueberry is cultivated on plantations, the bushes are pruned annually, and tons of leaves become waste. Thus, the aim of the present study was to create a preparation from blueberry leaves, study their chemical composition and determine their potential as a dietary supplement for the prophylactic and correction of the metabolic syndrome. Several schemes for obtaining extracts from blueberry leaves have been developed, including one with addition of arginine. A total of 18 phenolic substances were identified and quantified in the extracts by TLC and HPLC methods. Chlorogenic acid, hyperoside, and rutin were shown to be dominating constituents. Quantitative determination of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, flavonoids and other phenolics in the extracts was performed by spectrophotometric method. The extracts administration led to a significant decrease in the level of glucose, insulin and triacylglycerols in blood serum of adult mature inbred rats with insulin resistance induced by the fructose-enriched diet. The most promising one was the extract modified with arginine. The determined hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of chemically standardized extracts from highbush blueberry leaves indicate the potential of this crop residue in utilization as a dietary supplement recommended in prevention of ailments associated with metabolic syndrome.
All over the world, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are taken annually by about three hundred million people and this figure is constantly increasing. At the same time, NSAIDs are also one of the most common causes of side effects of drug therapy. The development and implementation of new anti-inflammatory drugs, including those of plant origin, with minimal side effects is an urgent task of modern pharmaceutical science. Vaccinium corymbosum L. (family Ericaceae), which is gaining more and more popularity among berry crops and is successfully cultivated in Ukraine, is promising in this direction for research. The aim: phytochemical analysis of dry extracts from blueberry leaves to establish the possibility of creating new drugs with anti-inflammatory activity. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were dry extracts of northern highbush blueberry leaves. The content of amino acids and phenolic compounds was determined by HPLC and spectrophotometry. The prototypal activity was studied in vivo and in vitro. Research results. 4 dry extracts were obtained from northern highbush blueberry leaves. In the extracts obtained by HPLC, 7 amino acids were identified, including 3 essential ones: arginine, histidine, and phenylalanine. As a result of the HPLC study, 7 phenolic compounds were identified in extracts from the leaves of northern highbush blueberry: 5 flavonoids - rutin, quercetin-3-O-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-glucoside, quercetin and kaempferol and 2 hydroxycinnamic acids, chlorogenic and caffeic acid. For the first time, the anti-inflammatory effect of extracts from blueberry leaves was investigated. It was revealed that extract 1 at a dose of 50 mg/kg and extract 4 modified with arginine at a dose of 25 mg/kg have the highest anti-inflammatory activity. Conclusions. The results of the conducted studies indicate that extracts from the leaves of northern highbush blueberry in terms of the content of biologically active substances are promising sources for the creation of new drugs and dietary supplements with anti-inflammatory activity
Порівняльне дослідження карбонових кислот надземної частини лохини звичайної Актуальність. Серед ягідних культур все більшу популярність набуває лохина звичайна (Vaccinium uliginosum L.) з родини вересові (Ericaceae). Вона культивується в Україні як плодова, лікарська і декоративна рослина. Раніше ми вивчали прості феноли, гідроксикоричні кислоти, флавоноїди і дубильні речовини листя цієї рослини. Метою нашого дослідження було вивчення якісного складу та кількісного вмісту карбонових кислот надземних органів лохини звичайної. Матеріали та методи. Листя, стебла та плоди лохини звичайної заготовляли у 2016 році в садовому центрі «Садко» Київської області. Визначення карбонових кислот у сировині проводили на хроматографі Agilent Technologies 6890N з мас-спектрометричним детектором 5973N. Результати та їх обговорення. Хромато-мас-спектрометричним методом у досліджуваній сировині лохини звичайної визначено вміст 37 карбонових кислот, із яких 17 жирних (13 насичених і 4 ненасичених), 9 ароматичних, 2 гідроксикислоти, 8 двоосновних кислот і 1 кетокислота. Переважають в усіх об'єктах дослідження з жирних кислот-пальмітинова, з гідроксикислот-лимонна, з ароматичних-бензойна і ванілінова, з двоосновних-малонова і щавлева кислоти. п-Гідроксицинамова кислота була ідентифікована лише в стеблах лохини, додекадикарбонова-у листі, октадикарбонова-у плодах, ферулова кислота-у листі і плодах рослини. Висновки. Хромато-мас-спектрометричним методом у листі, стеблах і плодах лохини звичайної визначено вміст 37 карбонових кислот. Загальний вміст ідентифікованих карбонових кислот у листі лохини становить 5867,84 мг/кг, у стеблах-7918,61 мг/кг, у плодах-23833,4 мг/кг. Подальше фармакогностичне вивчення надземних органів лохини звичайної є перспективним для створення на їх основі нових лікарських засобів.
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