Relevance of the research topic. The oral cavity is one of the most diverse microbiomes in the human body, which is divided into several biotopes: oral mucosa, dental plaque, gingival fluid and gingival sulcus zone and others. The biotope of the gingival sulcus is unique in that quantitative and qualitative changes in the microbial communities of this microecological system can lead to the development of the main dental diseases - gingivitis, periodontitis and caries. The scientific literature on the etiology of these diseases determines the microbial landscape of the gingival sulcus as the dominant causative factor. A significant influence on the microflora of periodontal tissues is exerted by various stressors of a modern person. Purpose ― to study the influence of emotional stress on the microbal landscape of the gingival furrow, which is in a state of eubiosis and dysbiosis. Materials and methods. The study involved 67 aged by 35―44 years. A microbiological study was made of the general microbial contamination of the gingival furrow and its colonization by individual microbal species using aerobic and anaerobic cultivation methods. Results. In the state of relative dormancy, 100 % of people without gum disease were found to have an eubiotic condition of the gingival microbal, 100 % of persons with periodontis - the microbal of the gingival groove were in a state of dysbiosis. Summary. The influence of the stressor on the disorder of the balance of the microbial homeostasis of the dental gingival slit causes an increase in the imbalance of microbial associations in the form of a decrease in the comensal microflora and an increase in the opportunistic pathogenicity.
Aim. This study was conducted to assess the awareness of dentists about the questions of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as well as to study the features of their use for the relief of pain syndrome in dental practice.Materials and methods. By means of the questionnaires were studied 107 dentists working in dental clinics and dental departments of General hospitals, especially their use of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for pain relief.Results. It was determined that 85% of doctors use non-selective and moderately selective cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX), 15%-prefer Cox-2 inhibitor with the pronounced selectivity for pain relief. The highest number of correct answers was given by a group of doctors with work experience from 5 to 10 years (40.3%), the lowest – by doctors with work experience more than 20 years, respectively 40.3% and 36.1% of the total number of doctors from the studied groups.Conclusion. There was noted that it is necessary to pay attention to the peculiarities of pain relief for the improvement of dentists’ work as well as to involve clinical pharmacologists for these purposes.
Aim. To compare the efficiency of removable mini-implant retained dentures using different types of attachment.Materials and methods. The study included 51 edentulous patients. The patients were divided into three groups according to the attachment type and abutment shape: 1) ball-and-socket attachment, ball abutment (n = 26); 2) locator attachment, equator abutment, XiVE LOCATOR system (n = 14); 3) bar attachment (n = 11). Removable dentures were made of ordinary acrylic plastic. The placement of intraosseous dental implants with their sublingual engraftment was performed according to the traditional two-stage delayed-load procedure. The efficiency of implants was evaluated using the method of M.Z. Mirgazizov and the eponymous index. The dynamics of vertical bone resorption around implants was determined using dental panoramic radiography (6 months, 1 and 2 years after the treatment). A periotest was performed 6 months after the end of the orthopaedic treatment.Results. The one-year survival rate of implants reached 96.2% in group 1, amounting to 100% in groups 2 and 3. The two-year survival rate came to 92.3% in group 1, reaching 92.9% and 100% in groups 2 and 3, respectively. Inflammatory phenomena characteristic of peri-implantitis were noted one year after the implant placement in 7.7% (n = 2) of patients in group 1 and in 7.1% of patients in group 2, with no inflammatory phenomena being observed in group 3. Two years after the implant placement, peri-implantitis was observed in 19.2% and 21.4% of patients in groups 1 and 2, respectively, coming to 9.1% in group 3. The periotest revealed that six months after the placement, implant stability was higher in group 3 for both the lower and upper jaw (in comparison with groups 1 and 2), as evidenced by the shift in periotest values towards the negative part of the scale.Conclusion. The study revealed that bar attachment, as well as locator attachment (equator abutments), of removable dentures supported by mini implants is more efficient as compared to the ball-and-socket attachment.
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