Introduction. In increased requirements to occupational and personal qualities of workers engaged into or applying for dangerous professions, effi ciency of occupational selection considerably depends on choice of methodic approaches adequate to the study objectives. Objective. To study psychophysiologic approaches to evaluation of social psychologic reliability and occupational fi tness of individuals with dangerous professions, for revealing prognostic facilities of new methods and for improving occupational selection for military and police offi cers. Materials and methods. Psychophysiologic studies used eye-tracker SMI-RED–250 and polygraph “Diana” and covered 201 candidates for service in various divisions of RF Investigating Committ ee. Major part of the examinees consisted of individuals aged under 30 years (134 males and 67 females). All the candidates had normal vision or corrected to normal one. Evoked brain potentials study covered 114 candidates for military service (2 females and 112 males) aged 17 to 52 years. According to polygraph study, 51.8% of the examinees demonstrated a risk factor of “drug use”. Results. Th e authors presented results of psychophysiologic studies of occupational fi tness in candidates for military and police service. Nowadays, polygraph study remains a reliable method to reveal reactions proving presence of concealed information. Using evoked brain potentials for disclosing individuals who conceal drug usage is an important procedure in security maintenance. Within a standard polygraph procedure, videooculography (eye-tracker) seems the most interesting. Th e studies covered possible use of evoked EEG potentials and eye-tracker along with polygraph study for personnel checkups. Conclusions. Occupational selection in individuals with dangerous professions obtained experimental data indicating high effi ciency of combined use of eye-tracking and polygraph, for diagnosis of social psychologic reliability one can use soft ware of evoked brain potentials with demonstration of drugs-associated slides.
The problem of early prevention of functional disorders, fatigue in the learning process, work activities and methods of correction (stay of employees and students in the rooms of psychological relief, decorated with magnesia-shungite and potassium materials) are currently an important and relevant part of the scientifi c support of educational activities of persons of intellectual labor.The psychophysiological substantiation of effi ciency of use of relaxation in the shungite room of workers of neuro-emotional mental work and stay in sylvinite educational audience of students is given.Hygienic assessment of labor intensity by hazard class was carried out in accordance with the Guidelines 2.2.2006.05. Production psychophysiological studies were aimed at determining the physiological characteristics of the functional state of the Central nervous (CNS) and cardiovascular (CV) systems using conventional methods (conducted in the room of psychological relief). Psychological studies included an assessment of the level of anxiety on the Spielberger test. A total of about 150 people aged 32.00±1.15 years with work experience in the profession of 10.00±0.99 years were examined. Th e study in the sylvinite classroom was att ended by 92 senior students of both sexes aged 22–25 years. All students were divided into two groups: the observation group — 56 students who were trained in sylvinite classroom, and the comparison group — 36 students who were engaged in a normal classroom.Physiological studies have confi rmed the positive impact of a complex of hygienic factors of the internal environment of sylvinite audience on the state of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems of students. Th e features of the positive infl uence of schungite room (SR) leading to CNS functions in workers with diff erent intensity of work. Recovery in the SR to a greater extent increase the levels of att ention function, speed of signal perception and short-term memory in workers with high neuro-emotional labor intensity.It is shown that an important property of shungite correction is an increase in the activity of CNS functions at a high degree of labor intensity. In students in the process of performing intense mental work features of the formation of the functional state and per formance are closely related to the increase in the area of the salt surface.
Improvement of professional reliability and development of means of prevention of overstrain of workers of nervous and stressful work, including locomotive drivers, is an important problem of physiology of work.On the basis of complex researches of reasonable measures of corrective and restorative nature to improve the reliability of knowledge workers is hard work depending on the degree of hazard factors of the labor process.A complex of psychophysiological research methods was used, including a professional graphic analysis of labour activities. Physiological studies of the functional stress of the body include an assessment of the characteristics of the Central nervous and cardiovascular systems. Subjective assessment of the state and strength of the motive was carried out on the test «Health, activity, mood» (SAN). Th e objects of research were employees of various professional groups. 3 groups of workers of locomotive crews are allocated: «unreliable», «conditionally reliable», «reliable». Th e age structure of the examined persons is 30–50 years, the experience is 5–15 years (about 500 people were examined in total). Th e results were processed by methods of variation statistics.The results of testing the eff ectiveness of the complex of psychological, pedagogical and psychotherapeutic tools to improve the reliability of employees of locomotive crews are presented. For the prevention of overstrain, various modes of work and rest and means of correction of the functional state of workers of neuro-emotional mental work are proposed and tested. Th e study of the eff ectiveness of corrective-restorative means of improving the reliability of railway workers, which allowed to achieve improvements in the performance of functional, personal and professional reliability of workers of locomotive crews. Th e developed measures aimed at preventing the development of overstrain in employees of neuro-emotional mental work signifi cantly reduce the «physiolog ical cost» of work, which is manifested by the lack of increase in the degree of tension of the body systems and the later development of fatigue.
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