In grassland in the vicinity of Kharkiv, Ukraine, we determined the floristic composition of the plant communities, v‐values of the species and above‐ground plant biomass. The plant communities in Kharkiv were dominated by Stipa capillata L., Medicago romanica Prodan, Inula ensifolia L. and Poa angustifolia L. There were 46 species in eight 1‐m2 quadrates and the above‐ground plant biomass was 245 g m−2 in the Stipa capillata stand. In the Medicago romanica stand, the number of species and above‐ground plant biomass were 37 per 10 quadrates of 1 m2 and 195 g m−2, respectively. The numbers of species in the stands were 40 in Poa angustifolia and 45 in Inula ensifolia. The plant biomass of the Poa angustifoia stand was 380 g m−2. These values were similar to those from Inner Mongolia. The species diversity of the stand (H) was calculated as: H = −Σpi log2 pi. The species diversity of the two stands was 2.98 for the Stipa capillata stand and 2.66 in the Medicago romanica stand. The stand changed by various human impacts, such as grazing and cultivation. Plantago schwarzenbergiana Schur. seemed to become established after the exposure of Stipa capillata stands to grazing, while Inula ensifolia stands became established in an abandoned field. The species composition in Kharkiv was different from that of Inner Mongolia, though the genus of plants was similar.
Background: the violations of eating behavior began to be actively studied since the mid-20th century. In recent years, researchers from different countries have found new evidence of the role of eating behavior, the patient's eating habits in the development of obesity. Since the scope of the study of eating behavior and its disorders began to develop actively relatively recently, many aspects of this problem have not yet been studied.
Aim: was to study the psychological features, body composition and parameters of actual nutrition of women with eating behavior disorders.
Methods. We used the Dutch questionnaire DEBQ to analyze the types of eating behavior. To assess the severity of eating disorders inherent in eating disorders, the technique "Scale of Eating Behavior Assessment" was used. The actual mental state of the subjects was studied using a clinical and psychological test a questionnaire of the severity of psychopathological symptoms (SCL-90-R). The component composition of the body was assessed using the apparatus for bioimpedanceometry ABC-01 "Medass". The evaluation of the actual nutrition by the method of frequency analysis was carried out with the help of the computer program "Analysis of the state of human nutrition".
Results. In all groups of women with eating disorders, higher values on the scales of desire for thinness, bulimia and dissatisfaction with the body, somatization, obsessional-compulsiveness, interpersonal sensitivity, depressiveness, anxiety were found. As the eating disorders worsened, the consumption of mono-and disaccharides and added sugar increased, which was accompanied by an increase of the body fat, both in absolute and relative units.
Conclusions. In women with eating disorders violations of personal and psychological characteristics, nutrition patterns were detected, which were accompanied by an increase in body fat.
Исследованы основные антропометрические показатели, выявлено распределение вариантов соматотипов у спортсменов различной специализации. Андроморфность возрастает в ряду: греко-римская борьба, биатлон, легкая атлетика, хоккей, футбол. Среди спортсменов, занимающихся игровыми видами спорта, за исключением футболистов, обнаружен более высокий процент представленности гиперстенического соматотипа по сравнению с контрольной группой. Для лиц, занимающихся спортом, характерны более низкие значения индекса трохантерного по сравнению с контрольной группой.Ключевые слова: антропометрия, соматотип, соматическая половая дифференциация, спортивная специализация.The basic anthropometric characteristics, distribution of somatotype variants of athletes of different specialization are researched. Andromorfnost increases in such sports: Greco-Roman wrestling, biathlon, athletics, hockey, football. Among the athletes involved in team sports except football players it is found a higher percentage of representation of hypersthenic somatotype compared with the control group. Sportsmen have lower trokhanter index compared with the control group.
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