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A brief historical overview of approaches to study the problem of land use and land degradation in the MAB UNESCO program is provided. Over the past 50 years these issues remain important although the general strategic approach to their research and solving has changed from a multilateral study of land management and land degradation in different geographic and socio-economic conditions with an emphasis on natural diversity, to practices and approaches of sustainable land management in biosphere reserves, as reflected in MAB Strategy (2015-2025) and Lima Action Plan (2016-2025). Many of the MAB initiatives in the field of sustainable land management and combating land degradation have been further reflected and revised in different international programs and conventions. The development of these approaches and the integration of the MAB program with other modern activities can significantly increase the effectiveness of the results of Strategic Direction “A” of the Lima Action Plan on the use of UNESCO Biosphere Reserves as models for sustainable development. Five objectives are proposed for closer cooperation of the MAB program and its network of biosphere reserves with other international and national measures for promoting sustainable land management practices and combating land degradation: 1) using biosphere reserves as priority sites and observatories for comparative assessments of indicators of land degradation neutrality (LDN) for protected areas and adjacent territories in similar bioclimatic conditions; 2) use of data obtained through the series of observations in the territory of protected areas as the most important additional or alternative indicators and measures for the LDN interpretation; 3) biosphere reserves as models for selecting effective solutions reflecting the triad of adaptive actions to avoid degradation, reduce the rate of degradation and restore previously degraded lands; 4) achieving LDN on the territory of biosphere reserves through the implementation of the Aichi biodiversity targets; 5) the use of LDN as a criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the activities of biosphere reserves. Preliminary results of the LDN assessment for Central Chernozem State Natural Biosphere Reserve and Middle Volga Integrated Biosphere Reserve and their adjacent territories provided to demonstrate the possibility of performing some of the objectives listed.

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Youth entrepreneurship is a promising sector of entrepreneurial activity for a number of reasons, among which we can highlight the solution of employment problems, the readiness and ability to apply new solutions, including digital ones, the increased propensity of young people to risk, which is an important quality of an entrepreneur, and others. At the same time, the involvement of the younger generation in business requires the creation of a full-fledged support infrastructure. The purpose of this article is to determine the most relevant directions for the development of youth entrepreneurship. The research has shown that currently there is a rather limited range of programs that provide state support for youth entrepreneurship, as well as publicprivate partnership programs. Financial instruments that ensure the implementation of these programs are described. The key provisions of the regional project of the Rostov region "Popularization of entrepreneurship", including those addressed to the younger generation, are considered. However, existing approaches do not fully take into account the specifics of youth entrepreneurship and require further development. The authors propose a construction of a strategy for the development of state support for youth entrepreneurship, which includes a number of elements. Among them: vectors of the state policy for the development of youth entrepreneurship in the long term; main activities that contribute to the effective development of youth entrepreneurship; implementation tools and sources of funding for state support of youth entrepreneurship.

Профессионально-личностный потенциал и параметры оценки его развития Проводится анализ научно-теоретических подходов к феномену «профессиональноличностный потенциал» и их сравнение с практическим пониманием его специфики студентами вуза и молодыми работниками. Целью исследования стало определение основных различий между научно-теоретическим и практическим пониманием сути профессионально-личностного потенциала, а также условий его развития и реализации. Делается вывод, что профессионально-личностный потенциал студента вуза должен рассматриваться не только как система заложенных природой индивидуальноличностных ресурсов и внутренних сил, направленных на их преобразование в ту или иную форму (в творческий, коммуникативный, научный, профессиональноличностный потенциалы). В системе взаимодействия «ресурсы-внутренние силы, к их реализации» должен учитываться важнейший фактор, закладываемый из вне, но проявляющийся в соответствии с личностными потребностями,-интерес, который способен усилить проявляемые индивидуально-личностные особенности до степени их доминирования в структуре личности. Основой развития и формирования профессионально-личностного потенциала должно послужить создание определенной креативной, эвристической, конкурентной обучающей среды, мотивирующей студентов к саморазвитию и самообразованию через постановку и достижение целей. Определяются и обосновываются основные параметры оценки уровня развития профессионально-личностного потенциала на основе его структуры. Ключевые слова: профессионально-личностный потенциал, личность, параметры оценки развития профессионально-личностного потенциала, эвристическая, конкурентная обучающая среда, личностная мотивация, саморазвитие Перспективы Науки и Образования Международный электронный научный журнал

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