The problem of supporting scientific and educational institutions is considered. A method of selective financing of scientific and educational institutions that create innovative technologies taking into account their investment in innovative developments is proposed. On the basis of statistical data on the indicators for assessing the activities of scientific and educational institutions and the indicator of the innovative potential of a scientific and educational institution from the production of innovations (PNn), their rating was calculated. The essence of PNn is to compare the indicators of the volumes of income of the special fund Dsfn and the volume of expenditures of the scientific and educational institution Vn. In order to stimulate scientific and educational institutions to create innovative technologies, it was proposed to introduce targeted investments. The problem of quantifying the rate of premium on the basis of an integrated approach in terms of indicators of innovative potential from the production of innovations and the rating of a scientific and educational institution for 2 institutions (namely: K and H) has been solved. Institution K will receive a large increase, and institution N will receive a smaller increase, the value of which will be 56.23 % and 43.76 %, respectively. The results showed the independence of the indicator of the innovative potential of a scientific and educational institution from the production of innovations from the previous rating of a scientific and educational institution, or vice versa. The proposed methodology has been tested by an experimental method, targeted investments have been determined based on an integrated approach in terms of indicators of innovative potential and the rating of a scientific and educational institution. This study is of practical interest to government authorities and grantors when allocating funds according to the vector of selective financing of scientific and educational institutions through targeted investments in the development of innovative technologies, and theoretically – to researchers dealing with issues of financial security, protectionism and public administration
Innovative technologies and scientific solutions for industries. 2017. No. 1 (1) 98 UDC 33:338 N. AVANESOVA, Y. CHUPRIN ENTERPRISE ECONOMIC SECURITY: ESSENTIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CONCEPTThe subject matter of the study is determining the essence of economic security. The aim is to systematize the approaches to the interpretation of the concept "enterprise economic security". The immediacy of the study is motivated by the lack of consistency, coordination and common views on the discourse in this area, as well as insufficiently substantiated offers for implementing modern methods and models of economic security management at all levels of economy. At the same time, despite a large number of publications, there remain many unsolved problems in the management of economic security, which is the main component of protection against threats, both at the state level and at the level of business entities such as enterprises and organizations. The following methods of theoretical and empirical research were used: logical generalization -to substantiate the relevance of the topic, the goals and objectives of the study, to determine the essential features of the problem; analysis and synthesis -to describe the theories of economic security. Economic security of an enterprise gives rise to a company's capability to develop, increase its competitiveness and the competitiveness of its products, sustain its position on competitive markets, and characterizes the strength and economic potential of enterprises to counteract the negative impact of the external and internal environment. At the same time, the company's economic security mirrors the conditions of its protection against any threats which are achieved due to the use of existing and potential resources of the company in order to ensure its safe operation in the long run. Keywords: economic security, enterprise economic security, approaches for determining the economic security essence, a subject of economic activity, classification features of economic security. IntroductionIn the context of constant environmental threats modern business entities are increasingly facing problems of ensuring the effectiveness of their activities, which is caused by the fact that emerging phenomena and trends of the development in the environment do not always have a positive impact on the operation of economic entities. Some changes in the environment result in dangers and threats to an enterprise and, sometimes, act as catalysts for deterioration of its condition. That is why the necessity to protect enterprise activity as well as its position on competitive markets, which consequently ensures the economic security of business entities, is a logical response to negative changes in the environment. Analysis of literature sources and problem settingMany scholars focused on the problem of determining the essence of economic security, among them are: V. Their researches reveal the essence of economic security, factors that influence it, as well as approaches to determining the ess...
The article carries out a study on the theoretical-methodical principles of the efficient and timely identification and interrelation of the influence of destabilizing factors on the economic security of an industrial enterprise. It is identified that the influence of destabilizing factors on the activities of the industrial enterprise in a market competitive environment requires an immediate reaction of the top management of the economic entity in question. It is defined that the continuity and systematicity of the functional process of economic security causes the need to both take into account and identify the influence of destabilizing factors on the part of the internal and external environment, as well as the use of opportunities created by this environment to minimize the aforementioned influence on the business activities of the industrial enterprise. The analysis of the materials of basic researches on the conceptual foundations of the essence of categories of «economic security», «challenges», «threats», «risks» and «dangers» is carried out, their generalized authors’ definitions are provided. It is proved that destabilizing factors (challenges, threats, risks and dangers) co-exist in close interconnection and have a clear hierarchical positioning. The consequences of the influence of destabilizing factors on the economic security of the industrial enterprise are researched. A scheme of functioning of the system of influence of destabilizing factors on the economic security of the industrial enterprise is constructed, it is identified that studying the interconnected functioning of this system contributes not only to timely identification of factors, but also to the forecasting and development of a comprehensive strategy to protect the industrial enterprise from uncertainty and the threats of the internal and external environment. A timely response and prevention of challenges, threats and risks will help to prevent the occurrence of danger and development of a crisis status of the enterprise. Speaking of the practical meaning, the obtained results can constitute a theoretical-methodical basis for further research of the problems of ensuring economic security of the industrial enterprises in Ukraine.
The aim of the work is to systematize the international experience of economic security both in terms of individual countries and the global economy as a whole. Setting such a goal it is associated with the growth of globalization and integration processes in the world economy, which are the new threat of economic security. Methods. Theoretical and methodological basis of the study were research and findings on issues of economic security at the level of the world economy as a whole and individual national economies in particular. We used such general scientific and special methods, such as analysis and synthesis, comparison, generalization, adaptation. The findings led to the conclusion that the protection of national interests and the formation of an economic security strategy -the most important functions of the state, the implementation of which is impossible without a system of self-regulation mechanisms and regulation. The government should implement a set of measures to promote economic growth, and that will guarantee the economic security of the country. These measures should cover all sectors of the economy. These measures include the implementation an active structural and social policies, enhancing the activity of the state in investment, financial, monetary and foreign economic sphere, the continuation of institutional reforms. The practical significance is to separate the differences used methodological approaches to ensure the economic security of the EU member countries and the CIS. This is explained by the fact that the first group of countries is focused on standards and borrows the experience of the leading EU countries (Germany, France), and the second group, located in the zone of influence of Russia (Moldova, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan), -on the Russian developments and standards. In turn, Russia in their design focuses more on standards to ensure economic security, which have been made in the period of the Soviet Union. Value/originality. The results obtained allowed to identify the main strategic goal of the Western European countries, the USA, Canada and Japan in the field of protection of national economic interests, which is understood as sustainable economic growth and modernization of the economy in accordance with the conditions of competition on the world market.
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