To assess the prospects for prospecting for regional oil and gas accumulations, it is importance to study the main factors that control the development of the processes of oil and gas formation and accumulation in the earth's crust and the criteria for predicting the oil and gas content of the subsoil arising from this study. A comprehensive study of geophysical, geological, tectonic, lithofacies, petrophysical and a number of other factors of oil and gas content and their changes in space over time make it possible to develop the foundations of the main criteria for predicting the distribution of oil and gas territories and the development of hydrocarbon deposits. In order to assess the prospects for prospecting for oil and gas accumulations in the lower section of the PT of the western side of the South Caspian Basin (SCV), based on the available material and taking into account a large number of published works, we considered tectonic criteria and preservation conditions for the formed hydrocarbon accumulations in the South Absheron archipelago., in the example of the Gum-Deniz and Bahar deposits.
The Lower Kura depression is a recognized oil and gas generating basin, characterized by positive stratigraphic, lithological-facies and structural-tectonic criteria for oil and gas content. However, it is necessary to additionally assess the prospects for oil and gas content of the southwestern side of the basin, guided by the criteria for the presence of reservoirs, seals and traps, paleotectonic criteria and seismic geological indicators.According to the results obtained from a detailed study by geophysical methods of the Kyurovdag-Neftchala belt and the territories framed to it, it was found that developed lithologically limited and stratigraphic traps in the Sarkhanbeyli, Orta Mugan, Shargi Shorsulu and Babazanan areas have all the signs of oil and gas prospects. These traps are located at a depth of no more than 4.5 km between the Mesozoic paleorelief protrusions and the Pleocene sediments covering them. It was the disagreement between these rocks that played an important role in the migration and accumulation of hydrocarbons. It should be noted that the traps formed in the process of sedimentation by primary reservoirs above the unconformity surfaces are sedimentation-stratigraphic and adjacent to the unconformity surface. Studies have revealed similar traps in deeper pinching horizons, which can be considered promising in terms of the development of reservoirs, cap rocks and oil-damaging reservoirs.
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