Viral adsorption inhibitors represent new generation of antiviral drugs, which can be applied for the treatment of HIV infection. Given review presents the different classes of HIV entry inhibitors grouped by the processes they are targeted: the binding of viral glycoprotein gp120 with cellular receptor CD4, the following interaction of gp120 with the chemokine receptors CCR5 or CXCR4, the formation of six-helix bundle gp41 needed for the viral and cellular membrane fusion.

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The search for new, effective antiviral agents currently includes assessment of polyanionic compounds of various structures; these are highly active inhibitors of viral penetration into cells. The present report describes the preparation of phosphate and sulfate derivatives based on 2,3,4,5-tetra-O-benzyl-D,L-iditol, 1,12-dodecanediol, and a dimeric analog of inositol-containing phospholipids. The dimeric derivative, which contains two myo-inositol cyclitol rings linked by a single hydrophobic fragment, was synthesized at high yield using the H-phosphonate method. The antiviral activity of the series of compounds synthesized here was assessed against a panel of viruses. All were inactive against rhinoviruses; the disulfate of tetra-O-benzyl-D, L-iditol inhibited Coxsackie virus and had the greatest cytotoxicity; the disulfate of 1,2-dodecanediol was inactive against all viruses, while the diphosphate of 2,3,4,5-tetra-O-benzyl-D,L-iditol and the monosulfate of 1,2-dodecanediol were active against herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2. 4 0091-150X/08/4201-0004