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Procedures for sampling, sample preparation and ICP‐MS analysis of endemic sponges from Lake Baikal have been developed. Sample decomposition was carried out using an open acid decomposition with ultrasound treatment. The distribution of nineteen elements (Mg, Al, P, Ca, Ti, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Rb, Sr, Y, Cd, Ba, La, Ce, Pb, Th and U) in different parts of a sponge's body (outer and inner layers and layers adjacent to the substratum) was studied. Detection limits were determined; these ranged from 0.013 to 4.12 μg g‐1 for trace elements and from 23 to 130 μg g‐1 for biogenic elements. The degree of elemental uptake by living substances is discussed with regard to the environment.

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