научно-исследовательский институт радиационной гигиены имени профессора П.В. Рамзаева, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека, Санкт-Петербург, Россия 2 Федеральный центр гигиены и эпидемиологии, Федеральная служба по надзору в сфере защиты прав потребителей и благополучия человека,
The article presents estimates of radiation doses of technogenic exposure to personnel and the public due to the normal operation of radiation facilities, exposure to the public due to natural sources and technogenically altered radiation environment, and medical exposure of patients. The doses values were obtained using the Unified System of Individual Dose Control of the Russian Federation citizens for 2020. The authors have analyzed the data contained in the forms of state statistical observation No. 1-DOZ, No. 2-DOZ, No. 3-DOZ and No. 4-DOZ for 2020 submitted by the organizations and territories, the state sanitary and epidemiological supervision of which was carried out by Rospotrebnadzor and Federal Medical Biological Agency of Russia. In the article also were used data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene Passportization. In 2020, 19 737 organizations dealing with technogenic sources of ionizing radiation submitted forms No. 1-DOZ with the information on the doses to personnel with a total number of 230 318 persons, of which 230 318 persons belonged to the personnel group A and 21 303 persons belonged to the personnel group B. For these groups, the doses were assessed based on results of individual dosimetric control. In 2020, according to Unified System of Individual Dose Control of the Russian Federation citizens data, the average individual annual effective dose of technogenic exposure to the personnel group A was 1.11 mSv, and for the personnel group B it was 0.63 mSv. In 2020, 6 cases of exceeding the average annual effective dose limit (20 mSv) for Group A personnel and 18 cases of exceeding the average annual effective dose limit (5 mSv) for Group B personnel were registered. The total number of X-ray and radiological diagnostic procedures performed in the Russian Federation in 2020 exceeded 275.4 million, or 1.83 procedures per a citizen. The average annual effective dose of medical radiation exposure per one resident of Russia in 2020 was 0.81 mSv, and per procedure – 0.44 mSv. The average annual effective dose of radiation to residents of the Russian Federation from natural sources, according to all measurements for the period from 2001 to 2020, was 3.36 mSv. More than 59% of this dose is associated with the inhalation of radon and its progenies. The average individual annual effective radiation dose to residents the Russian Federation subjects in 2020 ranged from 2.47 mSv (Kamchatka Krai) to 9.06 mSv (Altai Republic) with an average value for the Russian Federation of 4.18 mSv. For eight subjects of the Russian Federation, the average individual annual effective dose to public in 2020 exceeded 5 mSv: the Republics of Buryatia (5.31 mSv), Altai (9.06 mSv), Tyva (6.31 mSv), Magadan (5.07 mSv) and Irkutsk (6.13 mSv) regions, Stavropol (6.31 mSv) and Zabaykalsky (8.19 mSv) krai and the Evreiskaya Autonomous oblast (6.77 mSv).
The article presents the results of the generalized analysis of the data on staff, patient, and public doses from ionizing radiation obtained from the Unified System of Individual Dose Control for 2017. The analysis is conducted on the basis of the annual data from the forms of Federal State Statistical. Observation No.1-DOZ (staff individual doses), No.2-DOZ (doses from radiation accidents), No.3-DOZ (patient doses) and No.4- DOZ (public doses from natural and technogenically impacted background). The information is submitted by the organizations and territories under the supervision of the Rospotrebnadzor and FMBA of the Russian Federation. The article is based on the data obtained within the framework of Radiation-Hygiene passportization. In 2017, 18 324 organizations working with the artificial radiation sources submitted the form No.1-DOZ. The form No.1-DOZ contains data on 235 271 staff individual doses, 215 290 of the staff group A and 19 981 the staff group B with individual monitoring. In 2017, the average individual dose for the staff group A was 1,23 mSv, the staff group B – 0,67 mSv. In 2017, 13 036 healthcare organizations submitted the form No.3- DOZ. According to the No.3-DOZ data, more than 286 mln. X-ray procedures were conducted in the Russian Federation in 2017. An average dose per capita from medical exposure was 0,55 mSv/year and a mean dose per an X-ray examination was 0,28 mSv. In 2017, the form No.4-DOZ contained data on 8 130 measurements of gamma-radiation dose rate in wooden houses, 1 557 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 126 550 measurements in multi-storey stone houses and 178 138 measurements on the open ground As well as the results of 4 417 measurements of radon concentration levels in wooden houses, 5 971 measurements in one-storey stone houses, 57 461 measurements in multi-storey stone houses. The public average effective dose from natural ionizing radiation sources corresponded to 3.34 mSv/year, the average values for the subjects of the Russian Federation fall in the range from 2,15 mSv/year (Nenets Autonomous Okrug) to 8,9 mSv/year (Altai republic). The article includes the Annexes with the final generalized forms of the Unified System of Individual Dose Control in 2017 based on the forms of statistical observations No. 1-, 3- and 4-DOZ of the subjects of the Russian Federation.
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