Leptin to insulin and adiponectin to endothelin ratios are novel derived biomarkers useful for noninvasive diagnostics of initial stages of coronary lesions in patients with coronary artery disease.

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Abnormalities in energy metabolism and endothelial dysfunction contribute to signaling processes associated with atherogenesis. The goal of our study was to develop diagnostic tests based on endothelial functional markers and adiponectin to differentiate early stages of coronary lesions during atherogenesis. The cohort included male and female patients from 25 to 86 years of age. All subjects underwent coronary angiography and severity of coronary lesions was quantified by the Gensini score that assigns points depending on location and extent of the lesions. We have estimated associations between the Gensini score and some known primary and secondary diagnostic parameters and have found that the ratio of serum levels of adiponectin to endothelin strongly correlates with severity of coronary lesions and can be used for differentiation of male patients lacking coronary atherosclerosis (despite symptoms of ischemic heart disease) from patients that have severe coronary lesions. Predictive power of adiponectin to endothelin ratio did not depend on drug therapy.