The effect of everyday blue light (λ = 440-460 nm) on mitochondria of the retinal pigment epithelium of different age groups of Japanese quail was studied using electron microscopy, morphometric methods, and biochemical analysis. We have found a significant increase in the number of mitochondria, including those modified, mainly in young birds. In addition, cell metabolic activity increased in response to blue lighting. These changes are assumed to reflect an adaptive response of mitochondria aimed at neutralizing the phototoxic effect of blue light caused by accumulation of lipofuscin granules.
Цель исследования - выяснение влияния синего (450 нм) и красного (630 нм) светодиодного облучения различной энергетической экспозиции на активность митохондриальной цитохром с-оксидазы. Методики. Объектом исследования служили митохондрии, изолированные из печени японского перепела Coturnix japonica . Цитохром с-оксидазную активность измеряли по скорости окисления восстановленного тетраметил-р-фенилендиамина в присутствии ротенона. Результаты. Показано, что облучение митохондрий синим светом с энергетическими экспозициями, не превышающими 4 Дж/см вызывает примерно 5-15-процентную стимуляцию активности цитохром с-оксидазы, а дозы больше 5 Дж/см приводят к ингибированию активности фермента. Облучение митохондрий красным светом также оказывает стимулирующее действие (10-20%) на цитохром с-оксидазную активность по сравнению с необлученными образцами. Заключение. Предполагается, что низкодозовое облучение синим светом может иметь сходное с красным светом терапевтическое действие при фотобиомодуляции.
The aim was to study the effect of blue (450 nm) and red (630 nm) LED irradiation with different energy exposures on activity of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase. Methods. The study was performed on mitochondria isolated from the liver of Japanese quail Coturnix japonica . Cytochrome c oxidase activity was measured by the rate of oxidation of reduced tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine in the presence of rotenone. Results. Irradiation of mitochondria with blue light at doses not exceeding 4 J/cm caused approximately 5-15% stimulation of cytochrome c oxidase activity while doses higher than 5 J/cm led to inhibition of this enzyme. Irradiation of mitochondria with red light also exerted a slight stimulating effect (10-20%) on cytochrome c oxidase activity compared to unirradiated samples. Conclusion. The study suggested that low-dose irradiation with blue light may produce a therapeutic effect similar to red light in photobiomodulation.
Fifteen-week-old sexually mature female Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) grown under various lighting conditions were used in the study. It was found that the number of mitochondria and phagosomes was increased by 1.5-fold in the retinal pigment epithelium from birds reared for 95 days under blue light (440-470 nm) vs. reduced blue light component conditions. Also, it was found that egg production was increased by 15% in birds reared under blue light compared to other lightning conditions. Thus, we concluded that blue light conditions resulted in elevating metabolic activity and accelerating pace of life in Japanese quails. It is assumed that the blue light-induced effects are probably due to inhibition of melatonin synthesis.
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