On a global scale, many cooling towers and contact elements occur in a variety of types. In this paper, a new design of the tower with the technology of contactless evaporation cooling has been presented. Experimental studies of the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes in the inclined-corrugated element with the advanced gas-liquid contact surface as metal mesh were performed. Results of the change in the efficiency of heat and mass transfer processes from various gas velocity and the ratio of mass flow ratio of liquid and gas phases were reported. Comparative analysis of the influence of specific surface of phase contact on the efficiency of cooling circulating water was carried out. It was found that the use of additional contact surface of the phases allows increasing the efficiency of thermal and mass transfer on average of 44.8% and 54.2%, respectively. The mean-flow air velocity without entrainment of liquid from the apparatus reaches 2.7 m/s.
In the production of sulfuric acid, the final step is to clean the exhaust gases from the sulfuric acid mist. Currently, many industrial enterprises have abandoned the use of electrostatic precipitators to catch acid droplets in favor of the use of bag filters. The authors conducted an experimental study of the effectiveness of various filter materials and their combination in the form of a bag for catching sulfuric acid fog. A filter package was proposed from layers of fiberglass and fluoroplastic materials for industrial use, which showed a 98% efficiency for cleaning exhaust gases from a sulfuric acid mist.
Introduction. Jerusalem artichoke is a valuable low-maintenance crop whose tubers contain vital nutrients and prebiotics. We propose using Jerusalem artichoke powder as a functional nutrient in the formulation of food products. Study objects and methods. We studied the influence of vacuum, vibration, and grinding on the kinetics of drying Jerusalem artichoke tubers of a “Skorospelka” variety in the laboratory vacuum vibromixing mill dryer (VVMD). Results and discussion. The rate of drying in the VVMD was almost 5.5 times as high as that of convective drying. The kinetic curves showed that grinding provided a period of decreasing drying rate until almost complete drying. Vibration drying in the VVMD was twice faster than vacuum drying. The comparison of theoretical and experimental data on moisture and drying time revealed good adequacy. The NMR analysis of changes in the molecular mobility of the samples obtained in the VVMD showed an implicit twocomponent spectrum, indicative of low moisture. The chemical analysis of the tubers and powders by standard methods confirmed that the proposed gentle technology (fast drying at 30°C) preserved 86% of inulin. Conclusion. Jerusalem artichoke powder obtained in the VVMD can be used in different branches of the food industry due to its long shelf life, low consolidation, and no caking, with residual moisture of 6.1%.
The article considers the problem of improving efficiency for capturing solid particles in the production of silicon dioxide. The authors propose a separator with inclined double-T elements. The operating principle of the device is described. It is shown that particles are captured from gas due to centrifugal forces when they pass through elements. The main parameters affecting the collection efficiency of the separator are the inlet gas velocity, which determines the centrifugal force of the swirls, the particle density, and the diameter of the particles determining the inertial knocking out of the structured flow. Numerical simulations have shown the device’s efficiency with inclined double-T elements in collecting fumed silica solids of 1 to 15 μm in size, a density of 2000 to 3000 kg/m3, and the inlet velocity of 3 to 10 m/s changes from 20.8 to 100%. Pressure loss of separator with inclined double-T elements is 168 to 1880 Pa at inlet gas velocity from 3 to 10 m/s.
The foundations of efficient production are laid at the stage of developing a high-tech product. The object of research is wild berries (lingonberry, honeysuckle, viburnum, cranberry, cloudberry, sea buckthorn, mountain ash, aronia), which are used as a source of a natural complex of biologically active substances and trace elements as the main substance of a new parapharmaceutical. The primary technological task of food engineering of paramarceuticals is the maximum extraction of biologically active substances of plant raw materials and their preservation in their native form during the warranty period of storage. Therefore, as the main criterion for changing the properties of raw materials during processing, we used the amount of change in the redox potential of the system. A set of methodological approaches has been developed to ensure the quality and safety of the new parapharmaceutical.
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