Introduction. Drilling of frozen and permafrost soils is one of the most complicated and energy-intensive processes of earthworks. The current drilling tools are not efficient enough to use since they implement energy-intensive drilling processes and are not always suitable for various types of soil. The use of helical working elements that implement the process of soil destruction with less energy-intensive types of deformations is advanced. The purpose of the research is to study the interaction of a helical blade of a drilling tool with frozen soil.Materials and methods. The article covers a method for conducting experimental studies of the interaction of a helical blade of a drilling tool with frozen ground and the tested models of the drilling tool. The influence of geometric parameters of a helical drill on a borehole formation process is studied.Results. The experimental research proved the hypothesis about the possibility of implementing a drilling process with tearing strain and obtaining a borehole diameter larger than a diameter of a destructive section of a helical blade. The dependence of the destroyed soil volume and the relation of an obtained borehole diameter to a diameter of a destroying section of a helical blade according to the angle of bend of a helical blade radius at which its increment occurs is determined.Discussions and conclusion. It is established that a helical drilling tool performs a borehole drilling due to the tearing strain implementation, which makes it possible to achieve more efficient drilling and obtain a borehole diameter larger than a diameter of the destroying section of a helical blade.Financial transparency: the authors have no financial interest in the presented materials or methods. There is no conflict of interest.
Introduction. Drilling of frozen and permafrost soils is one of the complex and energy-intensive processes of earthworks. Drilling tools used on frozen soils implement the process of drilling the soil by deformation of cutting or crushing action. Current drilling tools are not efficient enough to use because they implement energy-intensive drilling processes and are not always suitable for various types of soils. A screw drill is considered, which implements the process of soil destruction by shear and shear deformation, which is less energy intensive.Materials and methods. On the basis of theoretical studies of the interaction of 3 types of drilling tools with frozen soil, a comparative analysis was carried out to determine the efficiency of a screw drill use. The technical and economic indicators of the drilling process were compared. A method for determining the efficiency of the use a screw drill based on the analysis of special target functions is presented.Results. The results of a comparative analysis of drilling tools have been obtained. Depending on the nature of soil deformation, the effectiveness of one drilling tool over another is determined. As a result of a comparative analysis of the drilling speed and the energy intensity of the drilling process, the efficiency of the screw drill was established.Discussions and conclusion. In the course of the comparative analysis, the efficiency of the screw drill was determied, which implements shear deformation and soil separation, justifying the feasibility of further research.
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This article reveals importance and relevance of exploration and development by drilling tools of minerals in frozen soils. The problems that arise during operations of drilling tools are considered. Existing types of drilling tools for mining are described. The advantages and disadvantages are listed, the principles of action and the type of soil deformation during the interaction of a tool with frozen soil are considered. The necessity of developing a drilling tool that implements a less energy-intensive production process and does not destroy the structure of solid minerals is considered. A comparative analysis of the drilling speed and energy intensity of soil destruction by drilling tools is carried out. Conclusions are drawn about the effectiveness of the proposed drilling tool.
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