Study of the anatomical and morphological features of the photosynthetic apparatus of Tilia cordata Mill. showed that the volume of leaf mesophyll cells in an urbanized environment is higher than in natural plantings. The cells of the palisade mesophyll of the leaf have a greater variability of this indicator during the growing season as compared to the cells of the spongy mesophyll. Positive correlations of the indicator of the volume of cells of the palisade mesophyll with the indicator of the air pollution index, the content of phenol, formaldehyde, benzo(a)pyrene and negative correlations with the content of nitrogen dioxide were noted. The indicator of the volume of cells of the leaf spongy mesophyll positively correlates only with the indicator of the atmospheric pollution index and the content of formaldehyde.
Приведены результаты исследований потенциала приспособленности, жизнеспособности и уровней поврежденности кустарников и деревьев в поселениях Поволжья и Черноземья. Среднестатистические значения установленных биологических параметров этих растений характеризуют показатели состояния и биологической устойчивости образованных на их основе растительных сообществ на рассмотренных территориях. Они также отражают их экологические и хозяйственные признаки. Полученные данные о жизненности растений имеют и комплексное биоиндикационное значение.
The results of studies of the potential of adaptability, viability and levels of damage to shrubs and trees in the settlements of the Volga and Chernozem regions are presented. The average statistical values of the established biological parameters of these plants characterize the indicators of the state and biological stability of the plant communities formed on their basis in the territories under consideration. They also reflect their ecological and economic characteristics. The obtained data on the vitality of plants also have a complex bioindication value.
The possibility of using glass- and carbon-filled thermoplastics for manufacturing body parts of electronic equipment by means of additive generation of geometry is studied. The study objective is to find a method for manufacturing complex profile surfaces, to reduce the labor intensity of manufacturing body parts of electronic equipment, to improve the efficiency of repair of rolling stock wheel sets. The task to which the paper is devoted is the expediency of using carbon- and glass-filled thermoplastics for manufacturing body parts. The main method of research is experiment. The novelty of the work is that the possibility of using carbon- and glass-filled thermoplastics for manufacturing body parts is found and studied. Research results: the expediency and efficiency of using glass- and carbon-filled thermoplastics for manufacturing body parts of electronic equipment by means of additive generation of geometry is found empirically. Conclusion: the use of additive generation of geometry contributes to reducing the complexity of manufacturing body parts of electronic equipment. The possibility of using glass- and carbon-filled thermoplastics in the production of parts for transport systems is proved.
В этой статье приведен краткий анализ состояния и биологической устойчивости древесных растений в искусственных и природных фитоценозах Нижнего и Среднего Поволжья. В анализ включены полученные сведения об аборигенных видах древесных растений. Уставленные значения их адаптационных возможностей, жизнеспособности и жизненного состояния свидетельствуют об устойчивости этих растений и образованных ими сообществ.
This article provides a brief analysis of the state and biological stability of woody plants in artificial and natural phytocenoses of the Lower and Middle Volga regions. The analysis includes the information obtained on the native species of woody plants. The stated values of their adaptive capabilities, viability and vital state testify to the stability of these plants and the communities formed by them.
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