The aim of this review was to analyze domestic and foreign publications reflecting the main existing theories of tension-type headache (TTH) development and the search for common pathogenetic links of TTH with arterial hypertension (AH) as potential triggers for the development of the clinical TTH and AH phenotype.Methods. We searched for articles in databases (eLibrary.ru, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Clinical Case) by keywords. Search depth – 2006–2021.Results. The analysis allowed us to identify the leading theories underlying the development of TTH: psychogenic, vascular, myofascial, biochemical and neurogenic. At the same time, a neurobiological theory has been considered: it combines some of the mechanisms of previously studied pathogenetic theories of TTH. In addition, there are the most important (from the clinical point of view) mechanisms of the comorbidity of TTH and AH, which underlie the development of the TTH + AH phenotype. In terms of these mechanisms, in recent years, it is of scientific interest to study the role of nitric oxide (NO) and NO-synthases, since they play an important role not only in the development of the comorbidity of two diseases simultaneously existing in one patient (phenotype «TTH and AH», but also in modulating the response to drugs for the treatment of TTH and AH. Modulators of NO and NO-synthases, which have been developed in recent years, can improve the efficacy and safety of therapy for this phenotype.Conclusion. New approaches to predicting and disease-modifying therapy of the TTH and AH phenotype can increase the efficiency and safety of treatment, and improve the quality of life of patients, and reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications.
Razryv perednej krestoobraznoj svyazki — odno iz naibolee chasto vstrechayushchihsya povrezhdenij kapsul'no-svyazochnogo apparata kolennogo sustava, trebuyushchij operativnogo lecheniya. V hode dlitel'nogo perioda reabilitacii posle rekonstruktivnyh operacij pri dannom vide travm u pacienta formiruetsya harakternyj dvigatel'nyj pattern. Na segodnyashnij den' primenenie innovacionnyh ob"ektivnyh metodov diagnostiki i reabilitacii dvigatel'nyh narushenij pri takih povrezhdeniyah aktual'no i vostrebovanno. Predstavlen primer personalizirovannoj reabilitacionnoj ocenki funkcii hod'by pacienta cherez dva mesyaca posle plastiki perednej krestoobraznoj svyazki metodom trekhmernogo videoanaliza dvizhenij. Vyyavleno narushenie patterna hod'by pacienta: bolee medlennyj korotkij redkij shirokij shag po sravneniyu s shagom zdorovogo issleduemogo; amplituda sgibaniya-razgibaniya v krupnyh sustavah operirovannoj nizhnej konechnosti men'she, chem v kontrlateral'noj nizhnej konechnosti pacienta. Metod mozhet byt' ispol'zovan v analize dinamiki vosstanovitel'nogo lecheniya posle operativnyh vmeshatel'stv pri razryve krestoobraznyh svyazok kolennogo sustava.
The aim of the research is to study the structure of cardiovascular continuum within comorbid pathology within outpatient clinic of Krasnoyarsk; to evaluate the quality of out-patients management in accordance with modern clinical guidelines. Material and methods. To conduct a single retrospective analysis, 1928 medical records of Krasnoyarsk cardiovascular out-patients were taken. All the patients consulted local therapists in 2018. Differences were statistically significant at p <0.05. Results. Comorbid pathology is observed in patients with CVD in 87% of cases, and its growth is noted with age. It was revealed that ischemic heart disease (CHD) and obesity are associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2). When using antihypertensive therapy, 43.2% of patients achieved blood pressure (BP) values <140/80 mm Hg. In 46.8% of cases, patients who were prescribed statins had total cholesterol (TC) values <5.0 mmol / L. Only 18.5% of patients with DM-2, following lipid-lowering therapy had a total cholesterol level <4.5 mmol / L, that was also registered only in 15.9% of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Heart rate (HR) <80 beats / min was observed in 75% of patients taking drugs of b-blocker group. Conclusion. Cardiovascular comorbidity among patients is widespread and its rates are evidenced to increase with age. Antihypertensive, lipid-lowering and antithrombotic therapy do not fully comply with current clinical guidelines. It is necessary to individualize the approach to patients with combined pathology; to provide comprehensive diagnosis, treatment, and to inform the population on primary and secondary prevention adequately
An anterior cruciate ligament tear is one of the most common injuries to the capsular ligament apparatus of the knee necessitating operative treatment. Postoperatively, patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries develop a pathologic gait pattern. Today, innovative diagnostic and rehabilitation methods for patients with gait disturbances associated with such injuries are in high demand. Below, we present a case of using 3D motion capture analysis for the personalized assessment of gait function in a patient with the reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament two months after surgery. The analysis revealed that the patient had a slower, shorter, wider step with longer step intervals than the healthy subject; the flexion and extension amplitude in the large joints of the operated leg was smaller than in the healthy contralateral leg. Motion capture analysis can be used to assess the postoperative dynamics in patients with anterior cruciate ligament tears.
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