For the first time in neurobiology-related issues, the synergistic spatial dynamics of EEG and fMRI (BOLD phenomenon) was studied during cognitive alpha biofeedback training in the operant conditioning mode (acoustic reinforcement of alpha-rhythm development and stability). Significant changes in alpha-rhythm intensity were found in T6 electrode area (Brodmann area 37). Brodmann areas related to solving alpha-training tasks and maximally involved in the formation of new neuronal network were middle and superior temporal gyri (areas 21, 22, and 37), fusiform gyrus, inferior frontal gyrus (areas 4, 6, and 46), anterior cingulate gyrus (areas 23 and 24), cuneus, and precuneus (area 7). Wide involvement of Brodmann areas is determined by psychological architecture of alpha-rhythm generating system control that includes complex cognitive activities: decision making, retrieval of long-term memory, evaluation of the reward and control efficiency during alpha-EEG biofeedback.
Enamine-derivatives of both enantiomers of usnic acid and the corresponding compounds with a quaternized N atom were synthesized. Compounds 3 and 4 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activity. All quaternized compounds were inactive against the tested tumor cell lines. Quaternized compounds 7 and 8 showed high antimycobacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis, the primary test species for screening antituberculosis drugs. It was shown that the activity dropped in correlation with an increase of the length of the linker between the N atoms. Compound (+)-8 inhibited effectively the growth of pathogenic Grampositive microorganisms Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Enterococcus faecalis.
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