Municipal and anthropogenic inputs into the ports of Peter the Great Bay have led to foci of local-and regional-scale pollution where the natural course of biological processes is disturbed [3]. Here, the content of heavy metals in the bottom sediments, pore water, and near-bottom water is far higher than in the water column [17,28]. High environmental levels of heavy metals cause metal accumulation by aquatic organisms [13].Study of heavy metal accumulation by bottom organisms and metal toxicity in the biota is part of the study of pollution effects on aquatic ecosystems. Up to now, the interaction of bottom biota and pollutants (particularly heavy metals) has largely been examined for microorganisms [12,15], phyto-and zooplankton [7], and seston-feeding [8,15] and fouling organisms [4,5]. Small representatives of the infauna have not been investigated [1,28] in this respect. Polychaetes and round worms are the major functional components of the biota in the bottom sediments. They can build up a significant biomass and play an important role in the transformation of organic compounds of the sea bottom [7,18]. However, the mechanism of the effect of pollution on the metabolism and numbers of marine bottom communities is inadequately known.The aim of this study was to determine the heavy metals contents in the tissues of dominant species of the benthos and in the bottom sediments of chronically polluted areas. MATERIALS AND METHODSSamples of silt sediments were collected in 2000-2003 in Zolotoi Rog Bay (Sea of Japan) near the port of Vladivostok from the 13 m depth at Wharf no. 44. Animals were collected from samples in Zolotoi Rog Bay and Vostok Bay in 2003.Sediment samples were washed with seawater through gauze (mesh size 0.1 × 0.1 mm). Sediment was placed in petri dishes and examined, by parts, under a stereomicroscope for the presence of bottom worm. Worms were isolated and sorted into species. Two to 100 specimens (lengths of 9-100 mm) of each species were taken for heavy metal analyses. To remove sediment particles, the worms were washed with seawater and then placed for 1-4 days in separate vessels with filtered seawater to purge the intestine.For each species, the measurements of the heavy metal concentrations were made in three samples with the number of worms depending on their size. For atomic absorption analysis, worm samples were prepared using the method of acid mineralization according to standard procedure GOST 26929-94 [2]. Wet tis-ECOLOGY Abstract -Data on heavy metal contents in polychaetes and free-living nematodes inhabiting the bottom sediments of Zolotoi Rog Bay near the port of Vladivostok are reported. Chronically high contents of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Zn, and Cd) were found in the bottom sediments and in the infauna. The levels of some toxic elements in tissues of the polychaete Dorvillea (Schistomeringos) japonica inhabiting polluted sediments of Zolotoi Rog Bay were higher than in worms of this species from relatively clean areas of the Sea of Japan. Similar high concentrations of Fe w...
ТЕХНОХИМИЧЕСКАЯ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА ОРГАНОВ И ТКАНЕЙ СЕРОГО КИТА ESCHRICHTIUS ROBUSTUSИсследован химический состав мышц и органов серого калифорнийского кита Eschrichtius robustus. Содержание воды в органах и тканях составило 78,5-80,5 %. По содержанию белка и жира мясо серого кита является маложирным. Все органы китов имеют максимальный уровень лизина и лейцина (15,(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)6 мг/г). В почках, сердце и печени серого кита содержание полиненасыщенных жирных кислот соста-вило 9,90-36,49 %. Количество саркоплазматических белков варьировало от 17,9 % для языка до 57,9 % для печени. Количество миофибриллярных белков изменялось от 12,8 до 25,2 % для мышц, почек, языка, сердца. Миофибриллярные белки не были обнаружены в легких и печени. Определение содержания токсичных элементов по-казало, что диапазон концентрации мышьяка, обнаруженного в почках, составлял 0,42-2,80 мг/кг сырого веса, диапазон концентрации кадмия, обнаруженного в поч-ках, -0,046-1,220 мг/кг сырого веса.Ключевые слова: серый кит, пищевая ценность, аминокислотный состав, жирные кислоты, токсичные элементы. DOI: 10.26428/1606DOI: 10.26428/ -9919-2017.Ayushin N.B., Karaulova E.P., Kovekovdova L.T., Pavel K.G., Popkov A.A., Simokon M.V. Technochemical characteristic of organs and tissues of grey whale Eschrichtius robustus // Izv. TINRO. -2017. -Vol. 190. -P. 212-221. Chemical composition, content of protein, minerals, free amino acids and fatty acids in the muscles, heart, tongue, kidneys, liver, and lungs of California grey whale Eschrichtius robustus are examined. All eatable parts of the grey whale body are significantly watered (water content 78.5-80.5 %), with the minimum water content in the tongue and the maximum in the kidneys. The meat of grey whale has low lipid content and is similar to low-fat beef, lamb or horsemeat. All essential amino acids are presented in the proteins with slight differences in their * Аюшин Николай Буданович, кандидат биологических наук, старший научный Караулова Екатерина Павловна, кандидат технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Ковековдова Лидия Тихоновна, ведущий научный сотрудник, Павель Константин Геннадьевич, кандидат химических наук, старший научный сотрудник, Попков Александр Анатольевич, главный химик, Симоконь Михаил Витальевич, кандидат биологических наук, Ph.D., senior researcher, Karaulova Ekatherina P., Ph.D., senior researcher, Kovekovdova Lidia T., D.Sc., leading researcher, Pavel Konstantin G., Ph.D., senior researcher, Popkov Alexander A., chief chemist, Simokon Mikhail V., Ph.D., head of analytical research center, content depending on localization. Lysine and leucine have the high level in all eatable parts of the whale (15.3-22.6 mg/g WW). The highest content of polyunsaturated fatty acids is found in the heart (36.49 %). The content of water-soluble protein varies from 17.9 % for the tongue to 57.9 % for the liver, the content of myofibrillar proteins in the meat, kidneys, tongue and heart ranges between 12.8-25.2 % but they ar...
Concentrations of As, Cd, Pb, Hg, Se, Fe, Cu, and Zn in tissues of the commercial crabs and shrimps Chionoecetes opilio, Paralithodes camtschaticus, Pandalus borealis, Pandalus hypsinotus , and Sclerocrangon salebrosa from Primorye waters are determined. The samples were collected by research vessels of Pacific Fish. Res. Center (TINRO) in 2012-2016. Content of metals and arsenic in the soft tissues (from claws and phalanxes of crabs and abdomen of shrimps) was determined by atomic absorption analysis (fiery and flameless methods), using Shimadzu AA-6800 spectrophotometer and mercury analyzer DMA-80 Milestone. As, Cd and Pb concentrations were measured by electrothermal method, with graphite cuvette as an atomizer; Fe, Cu and Zn concentrations were measured in the acetylene/air flame, with single-slot burner as an atomizer and background correction by a deuterium lamp. The standard solutions of the metals were used for calibration. Generally, the microelement composition in soft tissues of all shrimp and crab species is similar. For all species, concentrations of the elements in the soft tissues decrease in the order: Zn > Fe > As > Cu > Se > Cd ~ Pb ~ Hg. All samples are distinguished by heightened concentration of Cu. The following ranges of the toxic metals concentration are observed (mg per kg of wet weight): Pandalus borealis As - 1.6-8.5; Cd - 0.03-0.15; Pb - 0.01-0.02; Pandalus hipsinotus As - 2.78-14.6; Cd - 0.01-0.13; Pb - 0.00-0.01; Sclerocrangon salebrosa As - 5.4-17.3; Cd - 0.01-0.04; Pb - 0.01-0.03; Chionoecetes opilio As - 9.4-14.0; Cd - 0.01-0.05; Pb - 0.01-0.05; Paralithodes camtschaticus As - 3.0-8.8; Cd - 0.0008-0.10; Pb - 0.001-0.009. Cases of exceeding the maximum permissible level of As are detected for all species: in 68.0 % of samples for Paralithodes camtschaticus , in 35.0 % of samples for Sclerocrangon salebrosa , in 33.3 % of samples for Panadalus hipsinotus , in 17.5 % of samples for Panadalis borealis , and in 17.0 % of samples for Chionoecetes opilio .
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