We propose a complex sealing compound for increasing the efficiency of shutoff operations based on natural materials processing for materials such as sand, peat, rice, and husks. We studied the influence of mechanical activation processes on the mechanical and rheological properties of the developed sealants. Through mechanochemical activation, sand dissolution in a low-concentrated alkali solution was possible, and gelling the resulting sodium silicate while reinforcing it with undissolved sand particles to obtain a sealant composition. We used this approach to produce a hybrid sealing compound based on activated rice husks with up to 20% biogenic silicon dioxide combined with mechanically activated peat: the maximum shear strain of the hybrid sealant was 27.7 ± 1.7 Pa. We produced hydrogels based on sodium silicate, polyacrylamide, and chromium acetate, reinforced with mechanically activated rice husks. We studied the sealants’ rheological and filtration properties and observed the respective viscoplastic and viscoelastic properties. An increase in the dispersion concentration from 0 to 0.5% increased the maximum strain value of undestroyed hydrogel’s structure in the range 50–91 Pa and the maximum shear strain from 104 to 128 Pa. The high residual resistance factor values of the ideal fracture model make the natural and plant-renewable raw materials very promising for repair and sealing work.
In most of the fields developed by the flooding method, there is an advanced flooding of borehole products associated with water breakthrough through the reservoir, backwater circulation, and also leakiness of the production column. In order to limit the extraction of "excess" water, water insulation technologies are widely used, in which hydrogels of various nature occupy a prominent place. For the rational use of water insulation technologies, it is necessary to know the rheology features and filtration characteristics of grouting materials. This article presents the results of experimental determination of a number of rheological characteristics of a composite insulating material based on sodium silicate, polyacrylamide (PAA), chromium acetate and rice husk dispersion. Rheological measurements were carried out in the oscillatory mode, which provide information about the elastic and viscous characteristics of the sample under study. The elastic modulus (accumulation modulus) characterizes the accumulated deformation energy in the system and reflects the property of the sample as a solid (elastic component). The viscous modulus (loss modulus) determines the energy dissipation and is responsible for the behavior of the sample as a liquid (viscous component). In each case, the range of linear viscoelastic behavior was determined as an interval of strain values in which the structure of the sample under study is not destroyed by deformation. Hydrodynamic modeling is increasingly used in the design of the RIW, which allows not only to reduce the time to justify the processing parameters, but also to increase its efficiency. For the convenience of subsequent hydrodynamic modeling, the results were processed using a two-component Burgers model to obtain the parameters of the elements of this model, which are a kind of «digital passport» of waterproofing materials.
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