The article considers the possibility of applying the theoretical concept of resilience to the optimization of activities to improve the resilience of organizations. For this purpose, various approaches to the concept of resilience and its practical implementation are analyzed. The generalizing point for these approaches is the understanding of resilience as the degree of readiness to respond adequately to unforeseen events and circumstances. Thus for organizations, resilience is cognate to risk management. In order to optimize costs, the analysis of the relation between these types of activities was carried out. Based on the definition of resilience as a component of risk management, a multi-level approach to optimizing the cost of improving the resilience of organizations is proposed. In this approach, the most effective measures to improve resilience are selected end-to-end, while increasing the scope of the task consistently: from the level of specific activities to the analysis of interactions between organizations. This reduces the impact of uncertainty on risk-based decisions by maximizing consideration of factors and boundary conditions.
The purpose of this work is to identify possible ways of organizational risk management development as part of the evolution of the planetary socio-ecological system (socio-ecosystem). For this purpose, the planetary socio-ecosystem was considered as an object from the point of view of the general theory of systems. It was shown that the deviation of this system from the stationary state, which is accompanied by sharp fluctuations and bifurcations, leads to the need to adapt the risk management activity in organizations to external conditions. As a result of the analysis, two perspective directions for the development of risk management in organizations where identifi ed. The first direction is based on the method of reducing external risks by controlled influence on the parameters of the planetary system. The general theory of systems states that a controlled approximation of a system to a stationary state is possible by self-organization of system`s elements. Based on research on the economy of common resources and the representation of organizations as elements of the planetary socio-ecosystem, as well as on the analysis of recent international trends in achieving sustainable development, a conclusion about the relevance of organizations ‘ participation in cooperative activities and self-organization in terms of external risk management was made. In order to assist organizations in conducting activities in the bifurcation area the second perspective direction of the risk management development — the concept of resilience — was considered and proposed for practical usage. Expanding the current practice of risk management in organizations to the proposed areas will ensure the appropriate level of adaptability and stability of organizations in relation to the high dynamics of external risks.
The purpose of this article is to identify possible approaches to the development of the “sustainability-by-design” process, which consists in synchronizing the organization's strategy with the trends of sustainable development. For this purpose, a process of “sustainability-by-design” is proposed on the basis of the “safety-by-design” process applied in practice. As a key link in the process, it is proposed to use a system of sustainability indicators, supplemented by indicators of risk and resilience. To strengthen the adaptive capacity of companies in the field of sustainable development, the process of building “sustainability-by-design” is complemented by the inclusion of democratic procedures through structured stakeholder participation. As a result, the proposed process combines a rigid structure of values and goals with a “soft setup” in the form of democratic procedures. This will allow companies not only to reduce the uncertainties inherent to the pacing problem, but also to create an environment for the promotion of the most effective alternatives to the development of companies in the field of sustainability.
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