Aims. To determine the incidence and risk factors for hypoglycemia in elderly insulin-treated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients by means of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM). Materials and Methods. We observed seventy-six hospitalized patients with T2DM, aged 65 to 79 years. Treatment with basal insulin (n=36), premixed insulin (n=12) or basal-bolus insulin regimen (n=28) was followed by metformin (n=44), glimepiride (n=14) and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (n=14). 2-days CGM with retrospective data analysis was performed in all patients. During CGM, three fasting and three 2-h postprandial finger-prick glucose values were obtained daily with portable glucose meter. Results. Hypoglycemia (identified as blood glucose
Aim. To study the association between vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and cytokine (IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL10 and TNFA)gene polymorphism combinations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in women. Materials and methods. 374 Caucasian women without carbohydrate metabolism disorders from 23 to 68 years of age and 212 womenwith T2DM from 28 to 69 years of age were included in the study. The combinations of polymorphism А-2578С, С+936Т in VEGFgene with polymorphism in IL1B С-31Т, IL4 С-590Т, IL6 G-174C, IL10 A-592C and А-1082G, TNFA А-238G, A-308G and A-863Cwere studied. Results. Analysis revealed 52 combined genetic variations with different rate of occurrence between diabetic and control groups(р
Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a common complication associated with the loss of visual acuity in diabetic patients. Intravitreal injections of vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors (anti-VEGF therapy) have been proposed recently as a new treatment option for patients with DME. In this review we summarized results of randomized clinical trials of VEGF inhibitors in DME patients. The results indicate that all studied inhibitors (ranibizumab, bevacizumab, pegaptanib and aflibersept) reduce the retinal thickness and improve of visual acuity in DME when are used as a monotherapy or in combination with the laser treatment. Optimal course duration and effectiveness predictors of anti-VEGF therapy in DME should be elucidate in the future studies.
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