The Russian system of insuring risks of agricultural organizations requires a qualitative restructuring based on the increased responsibility of insurers and state participation. Low rates of developing the system of insuring risks of agricultural organizations with state support require seeking for new forms of insurance in the current conditions. The article points out that the use of the index insurance is currently one of the priority directions for the development of the country's agribusiness in general. An algorithm for creating an index insurance service is presented, the purpose of which is to substantiate the possibility of applying index insurance under the conditions of risky farming. A comparative analysis of the economic efficiency of index insurance of the regional grain crops and insurance of grain crops with state support was conducted. It was concluded that the use of index insurance could be useful for other regions that were identical to Kalmykia in terms of natural and climatic environment. The theoretical results obtained by the author can be considered as one of the priority directions for the development of the theoretical and methodological toolkit for insuring risks of agricultural organizations, can become a theoretical and empirical factual foundation for the formation of scientific grounds for regional economic policy in relation to agricultural organizations based on coordinating the interests of the triad of participants: state authorities, agricultural organizations, insurance organizations, as well as program forecasting and project developments.

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Subject. Under the current circumstances, the State and commercial banks invent how to support agricultural producers due to the high priority of agriculture for the national security and the high standards of living of people. Soft financing is a mechanism the State uses to support agricultural enterprises, thus stimulating the agricultural production through debt finance. Objectives. I identify distinctions and determine positive and negative aspects of soft financing granted for agricultural producers. Methods. I referred to official data of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, Russian Agricultural Bank. I applied methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, the systems approach. Results. I analyzed typical traits of soft financing to agricultural enterprises. The article indicates the role of authorized banks as systemically important credit institutions in Russia as part of the soft financing mechanism. I conducted the comparative analysis of commercial lending and soft financing to businesses, pointed out key differences between their mechanisms. The article spotlights the shortage of working funds, which results from distinctions of the agricultural sector. I investigated the impact of the sectoral and intrasectoral specifics of agriculture on the lending process. Referring to the key differences of commercial lending and soft financing to agricultural producers in the Russian Federation, I figured out positive and negative aspects of soft lending. Conclusions and Relevance. Agricultural producers operate, being exposed to high risk. Therefore, commercial banks take risks into account when setting up the cost of loans. High rates on loans are unaffordable for the majority of small and medium-sized agricultural businesses, thus complicating the finance of agricultural producers’ operations. Agricultural enterprises demonstrate a rather low profitability, thus impeding the performance of lending principles, such as repayment, timeliness, serviceability.

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