Рассматриваются сложности трансформации авторского права в условиях интенсивного использования электронной информации и сетевых технологий. Обсуждаются некоторые факторы, которые следует принимать во внимание при изменении законодательства в области авторского права, приводятся обширные примеры модификации законов и новой практики в данной области в различных странах мира. Уделяется внимание введению в национальные законодательства по авторскому праву отдельных статей об ограничениях и исключениях из авторского права применительно к работе библиотек и учреждений образования. Подчеркивается, что работа по трансформации авторского права в цифровую эпоху продолжается, баланс интересов общества и правообладателей еще не достигнут, а быстрое появление новых технологий обмена и передачи информации ставит новые проблемы. Вызовы, возникшие в результате коронавирусной пандемии, также оказывают влияние на текущий дискурс в области открытого доступа к информации и авторских прав на произведения.
The paper reviews some international online library and information professional publications including the websites of library associations, academic research charities and foundations and research groups. The paper is divided into the following sections: pandemics and open science, coronavirus and library materials and spaces, new impetus for digitization, copyright – latest news. These topics have not been predefined but taken shape as a result of analytical work and research in the body of professional publications. Analysis of leading library experts’ discussions in social networks has also helped to reveal current trends in library and information infra-structure development. COVID-19 pandemics brought about significant changes to the life and projects of the whole library and information space. A major step to open science has been taken when academic journal publishers, leading universities, research charities have taken responsibility to work in a collaborative manner and share coronavirus infection research data and results speedily and freely. Transition to digital collections in library holdings has accelerated, collections of e-books are growing, and the effect of prior digitization projects has manifested itself. The importance of libraries as a trustworthy source of information does not fade; caution is needed when using information from preprints published on preprint servers; the increasing need of informing digital materials users of attached copyright is highlighted.
The authors attempt to determine which of two adjectives are preferable to be used to describe processes and/or objects of cognition within scientific disciplines related to modern libraries, and whether these two terms are the synonyms to be reasonably equally used. The history of the adjectives digital and electronic as well as of the related terms is described; the definitions are given as they appear in Oxford and Cambridge dictionaries of the English language. The modern-day use of these adjectives, in particular in library and information activities and studies is assessed. The findings of the analysis of the websites of major world library associations are presented, e.g. those of International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) and American Library Association (ALA). The history of use and the current status of the adjectives digital and electronic in library and information practice and scientific studies are analyzed. Within the context of the problems set forward in the article, the state terminological standard GOST 7.0.103-2018 “Library and information services. Terms and definitions” is reviewed. The authors conclude that the two adjectives are synonymous and may be used equally when solving theoretical and/or practical problems in library and information activities and studies; and that the combinations digital/electronic libraries and digital/electronic library science are equally acceptable.
The paper reviews some international online library and information professional publications including the websites of library associations, academic research charities and foundations and research groups. The paper is divided into the following sections: pandemics and open science; coronavirus and library materials and spaces; new impetus for digitization; copyright: latest news. These topics have not been predefined but taken shape as a result of analytical work and research in the body of professional publications. Analysis of leading library experts’ discussions in social networks has also helped to reveal current trends in library and information infrastructure development. COVID-19 pandemics brought about significant changes to the life and projects of the whole library and information space. A major step to open science has been taken when academic journal publishers, leading universities, research charities have taken responsibility to work in a collaborative manner and share coronavirus infection research data and results speedily and freely. Transition to digital collections in library holdings has accelerated, collections of e-books are growing, and the effect of prior digitization projects has manifested itself. The importance of libraries as a trustworthy source of information does not fade; caution is needed when using information from preprints published on preprint servers; the increasing need of informing digital materials users of attached copyright is highlighted.
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