The results of factors evaluation of educational and production environment of cadets training at higher marine educational institutions are presented in the paper. It was determined that in the process of professional assimilation of the marine specialties the combination of training and production environment factors affected the cadets organisms, which required considerable stress of adaptation mechanisms of body balance control and could influence the morbidity of this cohort. The complex of leading factors that determined the health state of students of higher marine educational institutions included: microclimate, artificial lighting, noise, vibration, harmful chemical substances in the air of working zones, an increased level of mental stress. The students of all faculties are characterized by a high level of mental stress, which indicates the negative transformation of their emotional and autonomic processes that complicate adaptation to the training environment of marine profession. It is shown that microclimate instability and jet lag when vessels passing to the different climatic areas of the World Ocean exacerbate negative effect of marine environment factors on students health. In the structure of General morbidity of cadets diseases of the respiratory system (62 %); traumas, intoxication and some other consequences of external causes (18.4 %); the nervous system diseases (7.5 %) are dominated. Factors analysis of educational and production environment shows that the cadets health is an indicator of the synergistic negative factors of the training environment that are to be considered while organizing educational and production process and carrying out of preventive measures.
Introduction.Occupational environment and occupational factors determine peculiarities in mastering marine occupations. Some unfavorable occupational educational and ecologic factors appear to cause high level of physical and psychoemotional stress.Objectiveis to study features of adaptation to study during occupational training in marine specialties in cadets of a higher marine educational institution, and to conduct medical and psychological rehabilitation.Material and methods.Examination covered 120 male cadets of 3rd and 4thyears of study: 70 (main group) and 50 (reference group). The age of the cadets was 21±0.4 years. To study characteristics of the cadets’ adaptation, the authors used psychological methods — Spielberger’s State Trait Anxiety Scale and Nemchin’s «Method measuring severity of neuropsychic stress». Statistical analysis was performed with software «Statistica for Windows 10.0».Study results and discussion.After 3 months of sailing, majority of the cadets appeared to be dysadapted. Deep clinical and laboratory studies proved that 39.4% of the examinees were apparently healthy and 60.6% of those had chronic diseases. Thus, a system of medical psychologic rehabilitation was designed, comprising primary and secondary prophylaxis methods. One of these prevention methods is a recovery complex of measures with intermittent normobaric hypoxia modified by us. The authors determined optimal regime of using intermittent normobaric hypoxia combined with medical rehabilitation.Conclusions.Adaptational state in cadets of high marine educational institution during professional training in marine occupations is characterized by increased psycho-emotional strain, anxiety and observed in 57.3% of the examinees. Findings are that after 3 months of sailing, majority of the cadets are dysadapted. To prevent morbidity and preserve health, the authors suggested a system of medical and psychologic rehabilitation including intermittent normobaric hypoxia with rehabilitation medical complex. The medical and prophylactic measures help to solve problems of psycho-emotional stress, lower morbidity parameters, prevent dysadaptation disorders, relieve functional overstrain. That preserves and improves the cadets’ health and forms an important stage in prevention of mental and behavioral disorders related to work.
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