Introduction. The issues on standardization of reliability indices in the early stages of machine design are considered. This approach maintains thetarget level of reliability when developing parts that are critical in view of stable operation. The work objective is to study design problems in this area. The analysis of the reliability regulation methods suggests that they are insufficient to design. Besides, there are some contradictions associated with the use of the exponential failure law in design.Materials and Methods.At the stage of the task order, the numerical values of the operation time and reliability of the machine are determined. Then the values of the reliability probabilities or failures of the system and its elements are shown by exponential expressions. In them, degrees are the ranking parameters of the system reliability indices.Research Results.The alternative approach to normalization is synthesized; it enables to complete a full structural analysis. Thus, the reliability indices of the entire system or parts, whose operational safety determines the machine reliability, can be assessed. Parts and other components, whose failures are not sudden, are considered without using the exponential law. This preserves the inherent simplicity of mathematical operations.Discussion and Conclusions.The numerical value of the reliability probability (RP) of the machine as a whole, taken at the stage of the task order, is insufficient for the reliability target design. The specified RP and running time of the system elements, which are sources of failures developing according to different laws, are required. The results obtained can be used both in designing new mechanical systems with the reliability target, and in the modernization of machines.
Introduction. The formation of an algorithm for designing mechanical systems machines in terms of reliability is considered. The algorithm is built with account for the latest publications on the standardization of reliability indices of machines and components at the initial stages of the project. The recovery cost technique, free from the need to use the exponential law when distributing reliability indices between system elements, is presented. The concepts of the required and achieved reliability factors and methods for obtaining them at different stages of the project are introduced. The possibilities of the project modification to provide a given level of reliability are considered. Research objective is to combine modern scientific developments on the standardization of reliability indices of machines, components, and methods for obtaining the required operation life with the design drafting stages.
АннотацияПри выполнении проектов любого уровня (технический проект новой машины или учебного проекта) цель разработчиков -обеспечить заданный уровень надежности проектируемой технической системы. Необходимый и достаточный перечень исходных характеристик технической системы должен быть сформулирован в техническом задании на проектирование. После чего для доведения надежности деталей до требуемого уровня надежности используется математический аппарат теории надежности. Ключевые словаНадежность, вероятность безотказной работы, ресурс, наработка технической системы, уровень надежности, интенсивность отказов. AbstractWhen implementing projects of any level (technical design of a new machine or training project), the aim of the developers is to provide a given level of reliability of the designed technical system. The necessary and sufficient list of initial characteristics of the technical system should be formulated in the design specification. After that, to bring the reliability of parts to the required level of reliability, the mathematical apparatus of the theory of reliability is used. KeywordsReliability, the probability of failure, resource, operating time of the technical system, the level of reliability, failure rate.
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