Up-to-date production of fuel pellets has problems associated primarily with insuffi cient amount of raw material of high quality and its high cost. To increase the productivity of the pelletizing process, it is necessary to use defective trees including those affected by rot. In order to solve the problem of lack of strength of pellets, technical lignin is used as an additive. Various ways to determine the damage rate of wood by rot were investigated in order to know the amount of lignin needed to add to produce a product of high quality. The NMR relaxation method is characterized by simplicity of sample preparation, rapid acquisition of test results, accuracy, undemanding to personnel qualifi cations, relatively small equipment cost, and safety. In the course of the experiment, we obtained a curve of decrease of the free nuclear induction of the H-NMR sample containing a solid and a mobile phase. Graphs of the relative proportion of solid components and liquid phase shows the dependence of the content of cellulose and lignin in the sample and its moisture rate on the percentage of rotten wood.
Space orbital stations operations support consists an adoption of meaningful measures to protect space station against impacts of space debris and meteoroids. This goal can be reached by using multilayered protection shields that are made with the fabric material layers. Shields designing and modeling requires specific characteristics that define energy absorbed volume by the fabric destruction under impact. The paper describes the methodology and experimental determination method for absorbed energy volume results by using multilayer fabrics of orbital manned stations shielding constructions under distributed impulse loading caused by the space debris impacts. The energy absorbed volume by the multilayer fabrics is obtained from the experiments by analysis of specimen and flat metal projectile impact. Projectile was accelerated by the air gas gun. The obtained experimental determination results of energy absorbed volume in pressure range up to 1,5 GPa are given. Using the model of fabric as a porous material its energy absorption volume dependence in pressure range up to 10 GPa and compared with experimental data. It is shown that for materials with high porosity absorbed energy volume against pressure dependence is close to linear. Corresponding asymptotic dependence for materials with high porosity under the high pressure is obtained.
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