Improving professional training and optimizing the work of doctors who provide medical care to patients who come into contact with harmful occupational factors require the approval of a professional standard for the occupational pathology physician. The purpose of the study was to analyze the opinion of the professional community about the importance of various labor functions and labor actions, priority knowledge and skills of occupational pathologists in the development of a professional standard. To achieve this goal, an on-line survey of physicians in occupational pathology and occupational medicine was conducted. Analysis of the survey results showed that the significance of professional competencies is evaluated by specialists to varying degrees. Primary focus is on examination of professional suitability and the link between diseases and the profession. However, correlations of competencies of various blocks indicate the importance of all areas of work of a professional pathologist, which should be taken into account when training specialists in this profile.
The study of the preservation of worker's health in recent years is gaining more and more new areas of research, among which like to point out the problems of harmonization of age and work, the impact of unemployment on health and aspects of the impact of the working environment of small and medium businesses on health.
____________________________________________________________________________________Само слово «риск» имеет очень давнее происхождение и сложное значение. Восходя своим появлением к древнегреческому словарю почти трёх тысячелетий назад, оно означало дословно «утёс», «скала», «подножие горы». А глагол «рисковать», означал «лавировать меж-ду скал», подвергая себя опасности. Так до-словно определял значение этого слова знаме-нитый языковед и знаток древних и славянских языков немецкого происхождения, иностран-ный член-корреспондент АН СССР Макс Юли-ус Фридрих Фасмер [8].Впервые в научно-публицистической ли-тературе понятие термина «риск» приведено в 1921 г. в монографии Фрэнка Хейнемана Най-та «Риск, неопределённость и прибыль» («Risk, Uncertainty and Profit»). Книга в те годы поль-зовалась неслыханной популярностью. Почти за столетие своего существования она много-кратно переиздавалась и переводилась на мно-гие языки мира, в том числе в 2003 г. -на рус-ский. Выпускник Корнельского университета, впоследствии ставший видным американским учёным, одним из основоположников Чикаг-ской экономической школы, впервые приме-нил в научной и деловой терминологии понятие риска. Правда все его исследования и аналити-ческие выводы были связаны с чисто экономи-ческими вопросами и прибылью. Но именно Найтом было введено самое первое определе-ние риска как «жёсткой конструкции сочета-ния вероятности и возможных последствий влияния различных событий», чаще неблаго-приятных [5]. ____________________ Шиган Е.Е., 2016 Шиган Евгений Евгеньевич -кандидат медицинских наук, заместитель директора по организационной работе и международному сотрудничеству
Research priorities of Alexei Nikolaevich Sysin (1879-1956) were faced to the study of issues of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of Russia. World- renowned hygienist scientist was the one of the pioneers in the field of general and communal hygiene, epidemiology and disinfection. Not little attention A.N. Sysin paid also to issues of occupational health, together with other scientists he laid the foundation of modern Occupational Health. The victory of the Great October Revolution has set before organizers and medical science scholars, among who was A.N. Sysin, new challenges in dealing with the many complex issues, including occupational health issues. Already in the first months of the new Republic he prepared dozens of directives, regulations and instructions, wrote a large number of draft laws for health services, developed the first regulations on the sanitary supervision of the country enterprises. The leading role in the emergence of many printed newspapers and magazines, books and bulletins on general issues in health, preventive medicine, hygiene, epidemiology, occupational health is belonged to A.N. Sysin. He published more than 250 scientific papers on various aspects of sanitary science: from the problems of epidemics of dangerous infections to the working and living conditions of different enterprises. A. N. Sysin paid a lot of attention to industrial injuries, problems of increscent occupational toxicology, the introduction of newest forms of general and personal protective equipment at the plant, modernization of the industrial equipment, issues of the shortened workday, labor of women and children - all kinds of sanitary measures and improvement of labor and living workers' conditions.
The article presents information about the life and work of Boris Tikhonovich Velichkovsky — a famous scientist, specialist in the field of occupational health in XX-XXI centuries. His scientific interests encompassed all aspects of preserving workers’ health, ranging from comprehensive studies of occupational respiratory diseases, molecular biology and ecology to creation of a new scientific medical discipline — human social biology focused solely on saving the nation and preserving health of working population.
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