For organizations which operate a system of pipeline transport of hydrocarbons, improving the quality of its construction means reducing the cost of diagnosis and repair, liquidity accidents and its consequences during operation, improving reliability, durability and environmental safety of facilities in service. Taking into account the increasing need for the construction of hydrocarbon pipeline transport systems in Russia, the issues of improving the theoretical approaches and methods of practical implementation of the tasks of improving its quality are getting particular relevance and importance. The most promising method for solving the problems of improving the competitiveness of products and services while reducing production costs is functional cost analysis (FCA). It is based on the following statement: each object is made or exists in order to meet certain needs (to perform its functions). It requires certain expenditures to create these functions in the object. It is obvious that if the functions are not needed, then the cost of their creation is also unnecessary.
In the research we tried to show the advantages of using the FCA in the investment holding company “IHC “Tatgazinvest”, which carries out work on the gasification of industrial and social objects of the Republic of Tatarstan under the program of OJSC “Gazprom”. As a result, we revealed some functions where the share of costs exceeds its importance and represents zones of disproportions. It is also revealed that the decisive factor of disproportions zones appearance is the influence of secondary functions. The discovered areas of disproportions were analyzed in order to eliminate it. As a result of the analysis, we put forward proposals to improve the quality of construction and installation works and evaluated their organizational and economic importance.
Mechanical engineering is the leading industry in the world, which has a significant impact on the level of development of a country. It produces various machines, machine tools, mechanisms, devices. The machine-building sector provides equipment to all other sectors of the economy, so the results of the work of related areas depend on its level of development and product quality. Among the main problems of the sector in Russia are high depreciation of fixed assets and low level of innovation. As a result, the low competitiveness of domestic machine-building products in the world market. Competitive advantages can be achieved primarily by improving the quality of manufactured products. Prompt solution of problems related to product quality is achieved by implementing various methods aimed at preventing the appearance of defects. The study presents an algorithm for the development and implementation of the 8D methodology in order to prevent the recurrence of product defects at the enterprise of Aktanyshsky Aggregate Plant. With the help of simple tools that underlie the 8D methodology, the causes of the defect were identified and corrective and preventive measures were proposed.
In modern education, the competence approach is becoming increasingly popular, it involves the implementation of educational programs aimed at developing the ability of an individual to independently apply the knowledge and skills acquired in their professional activities in a certain context. One of the priorities for the development of the modern information society is the Informatization of education–the process of improving the educational process through the introduction of information and communication technologies. Information and communication technologies allow to implement interactive communication of all participants of the educational process with each other, as well as provide students with educational materials and educational information stored on various information devices.
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