Introduction: Lack of comparative studies on efficiency of a broad range of COVID19 vaccines leads to lower levels of adoption and subsequent lower total immunity in several regions, including Republic of Belarus. This clinical study captures and transparently demonstrates varying immunogenic responses to Sputnik V and Sinopharm vaccines. Aim of this study was: to compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), RF and Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), PRC vaccines in vaccinated individuals. Materials and Methods: A total of 60 adults participated the study. The immune response after vaccination was assessed using enzyme immunoassay. IgG levels measured in all participants at three time points: before the vaccination, 42 days after the first vaccine dose, and 6 months after the first vaccine dose. The results of the SARS-CoV-2 antibody test is quantified according to the WHO First International Standard (NIBSC code:20/136) and expressed in international units (BAU/ml). Results: The study participants were divided into two groups, where 30 people (50%) were vaccinated with Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac), and 30 people were vaccinated with Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV), with no gender differences in the groups. The IgG levels at 42 days after the first vaccine dose were: Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac)(42 days): Me=650.4 (642.2-669.4); Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV)(42 days): Me=376.5 (290.9-526.4); p<0,001). The IgG levels at 6 months after the first vaccine dose were: Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac)(6 months) Me=608.7 (574.6-647.1); Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV)(6 months): Me=106.3 (78.21-332.4); p<0,001). Reactions after vaccination appeared in 27 vaccinated individuals (45%). Conclusion: The study showed that Sputnik V (Gam-COVID-Vac) vaccine was more immunogenic than Sinopharm (BBIBP-CorV) vaccine. IgG levels in vaccinated individuals who previously recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection ("hybrid immunity") were higher than in SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals. Reactions after vaccines administration were mild to moderate.
Objective: to study the level of interleukin-6 in the blood of patients with liver cirrhosis and to identify the diagnostic significance of this parameter. Material and methods. We have done the research among patients with chronic liver diseases (cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) and have determined the IL-6 level in the blood plasma in the patients and in healthy people of the control group. Conclusion. We have revealed a statistically significant increase of the interleukin-6 level in the blood plasma of the patients with liver cirrhosis compared to the similar parameter in the healthy people of the comparison group. The degree of the increased IL-6 level was directly proportional to the severity of the pathological process. The value of the concentration of interleukin-6 in the blood can be used as an additional criterion for evaluation of severity of liver cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
Objective : to evaluate the effectiveness of two interferon (IFN)-based antiviral therapy of chronic hepatitis C (IFN/RBV or PEG-IFN/RBV)depending on HCV genotype, IL-28B gene mutations and to determinethe group of patients who need treatment with direct antiviral agents. Material and methods. The study involved 844 patients with chronic hepatitis C (60.6 % men; 51.9 % with genotype 1 virus) in two infectious diseases hospitals. 324 patients received treatment with standard interferon and ribavirin (IFN/RBV), 520 patients - with pegylated interferon and ribavirin (PEG-IFN/RBV). Polymerase chain reaction was applied to determinesingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs12979860 and rs8099917 of IL-28B gene. Results. The effectiveness (sustained virologic response, SVR) of the scheme IFN/RBV in patients with HCV genotype 1 was 23.9 %, and of PEG-IFN/RBV - 48.4 %. The highest frequency rate of SVR was recorded in patients with CC variant of SNP rs12979860 - 73.3 and 82.1 % (for IFN/RBV and PEG-IFN/RBV schemes, respectively). Schemes IFN/RBV (SVR 70.8 %) and PEG-IFN/RBV (SVR 86.5 %) were highly effective for patients with HCV genotypes 2 and 3. The treatment was not effective in patients with genotype 1 HCV having gene IL-28B SNPs rs12979860 CT or TT and rs8099917 TG or GG and in patientsover 40. Conclusion. It is prospectiveto use non-IFN regimens based on direct-acting antiviral agents to treat patients with 1 HCV genotype with genotype CT/TT (rs12979860) and TG/GG (rs8099917), as well as those who did not respond previously to the antiviral treatment with PEG-IFN/RBV.The implementation of the non-IFN regimens should be accelerated by means of registration or development of production of generic drugs.
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