In this article theoretical aspects of labor productivity and its roles in the stable development of economy are studied. The main purposes of providing the growth of labor productivity as the basis of sustainable economical development are viewed. The relevance of elaboration of a concept of sustainable development of labor is explored. The indicators of the current level of indicators of labor productivity in the regional context and in industries are analyzed. The main problems are identified, the solution of which makes it possible to implement the National project of Labor Productivity and employment support of the Russian Federation. Sustainable economic development is associated not only with the progress of the information technology and innovation industry, but also with the improvement of the labor market where new jobs, professions and personnel are created. In this regard, the relevance of diagnosing labor productivity in the regional aspect is due to the fact that this indicator reflects the effectiveness of the national and regional economies, the production efficiency, characterizes the use of living labor in the production process and ultimately determines the standards of living of the population. In this regard, increasing labor productivity is one of those national goals that are being addressed not only at the federal, but also at a regional level. The higher labor productivity is, the higher economic growth, the level of protection of the national economy from external challenges and threats from the instability of world markets are.

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A new species of centrohelid heliozoan Acanthocystis amura from the Amur River, the Far East of Russia was studied with light- and electron microscopy. Acanthocystis amura has simple oval plate scales (1.2-2.6 × 1.0-1.8 μm) with an axial thickening and a thin border as well as two types of spine scales. The spine scales of type 1 were 1.3-4.8 μm long and had four small hooks on their tips. The spine scales of type 2 were shorter, 1.0-3.6 μm long and had four teeth at the distal end. The morphology of A. amura resembles that of Acanthocystis quadrifurca. They both have similar spine scales but their plate scales are completely different. Acanthocystis valdiviense differs from the new species in absence of hook-bearing scales. Molecular phylogeny based on 18S rDNA consistently placed A. amura into Acanthocystis nichollsi/Acanthocystis costata clade, but relationships between those three species were not resolved. Morphology of another centrohelid strain from another location (the South Urals) has been compared with that of the original strain and few minor differences in size characteristics of the scales have been revealed.

The diversity of centrohelids in inland saline waters was studied with metabarcoding for the first time. The fragment of V6–V7 regions of 18S rDNA was sequenced with newly designed primers. Obtained OTUs were identified with molecular phylogenetic analysis and comparison of the signatures in 39es9 hairpin of V7. The obtained data included some OTUs, which could be attributed to four described species, but the majority belonged to previously established or novel environmental clades. Along with some presumably marine/brackish clades and freshwater/low salinity (0–2 ppt) clades, seven presumable species demonstrating broad (from 1–2 up to 78 ppt) salinity tolerance were detected. A number of OTUs belonged to Raphidocystis contractilis, which is known from three independent findings in brackish habitats only. Thus, it was assumed that this species is stenohaline and specifically adapted to salinity 5–15 ppt. The high level of salinity tolerance was suggested for centrohelids before based on morphology, which was used to justify their cosmopolitan distribution. Later these views were criticized based on environmental sequencing, but the results of the current survey indicate, that at least some species are present at salinities from almost freshwater (1–2 ppt) to twice oceanic (78 ppt) and are presumably capable of overcoming oceanic salinity barriers for their distribution.

A new genus and species of centrohelid heliozoan Pinjata ruminata from the Tuzlukkol’ River (Orenburg Region of Russia) and Gorʼkoe Lake (Chelyabinsk Region of Russia) is studied with light‐ and electron microscopy. Pinjata ruminata has two types of plate scales, partially running up the sides of the axopodia. Inner plate scales (3.2–4.9 × 1.5–2.6 μm) are flat, ovate‐oblong and have a broad axial thickening and a thin electron‐dense border. Outer plate scales (4.2–6.7 × 1.5–3.0 μm) are concave, elongated, of irregular shape, often curved, and broadened towards one end. Roundish depressions are forming two rows on both sides of the narrow axial thickening. The cells are attached to the substratum. Molecular phylogenetic analysis based on the SSU rDNA robustly placed P. ruminata in the family Yogsothothidae. This position is confirmed with the presence of five panacanthocystid increase regions. The morphology of the new genus is in a good accordance with diagnosis of the family. The status of a genus “Heteroraphidiophrys” is discussed. Other potential findings of Pinjata from literature are analyzed. Pinjata represents the third lineage of centrohelids, characterized with the presence of only tangentially oriented plate scales. The halophilic nature of Yogsothothidae is suggested.

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Formation of skills of youth of the XXI century dictates certain conditions for the organization of educational space. The article proposes as one of the conditions — the implementation of network design and research activities of students, during which the formation of skills of the XXI century takes place. The concept of “educational network project” is explained, and the tools and tools that allow it to be implemented are described.