The change of the legal framework in the field of food production entails changes in the educational programs at vocational training experts in the field of technology of public catering production, it should be noted that such changes must be integrated include a system of vocational education and manufacturers.
Investigations were carried out on the territory of the Chuvash Republic. The following hashish-free monoecious hemp varieties were used as the object of investigation: Diana, Rigs, Ingreda, Margo, Diman, Yuliana, Antonio, Igorkin, which are characterized by high uniformity of monoecious, absence of cannab. The experiments laid in 2005-2013, respectively. To conduct field and laboratory investigations seed crops placed on spatially isolated gray forest medium loamy soils, which are contained in the plow layer: humus - 4.69%; P2O5 - 100, K2O - 260 mg per kilogram of soil; pH - 5.9. The observations and analyzes were performed in accordance with the guidelines of bast crops of Russian Research Institute of Flow. The studies have shown that such chemical elements dominate in the hemp seeds: calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur, and a small amount of iron and zinc; rare earth elements - thorium, selenium, molybdenum, zirconium, beryllium. The uniqueness of oil from hemp seeds is due to a high (up to 80%) content of polyunsaturated essential fatty acids (linoleonic - 50-70% and linolic - 15-25%), which are necessary for normal functioning of human. Press cake contains 30-35% of protein, more 10% of fat and up to 25% of fibre; 100 g of this press cake corresponds to 73 fodder units. Phytin (calcium-magnesium salt of izon phosphoric acid) is an important component, which are widely used in medicine to stimulate hematopoiesis, promoting growth and development of bone tissue, as well as in certain diseases of the nervous system. The hemp stalks varieties of our selection contains up to 25.5-26.8% of fiber; 45.0-58.0 – cellulose, 24.0-26.0% lignin, that is in wood deficit conditions does not exclude the additional use of culture.
1.Негативный отбор + декапитация + полив; 2.Негативный отбор + без декапитации + полив; 3.Без негативного отбора + декапитация + по-лив; 4.Без негативного отбора + без декапитации + полив; 5.Негативный отбор + декапитация + без полива; 6. Негативный отбор + без декапитации + без полива; 7. Без негативного отбора + декапитация + без полива; 8. Без негативного отбора + без декапитации + без полива(контроль). Расчётные дозы удобрения вносили согласно схеме опыта. Размер каждой опытной делянки -10 на 10 м(100м2). Повторность -3-кратная. Декапитация в фазе 3-х пар листьев позволяет «вырастить 2-6 веток там, где рос один». Для пробуждения у декапитированных растений в фазе 3-х пар листьев пазушных вегетативных почек и формирования из них нормально развитых 5-6 репродуктивных веток оптимальной дозой азота является 200 кг, а фосфора и калия -100-150кг на 1 га. При этом влажность почвы в период от фазы трёх пар листьев до полного цветения долж-на составлять75-80% от полной влагоёмкости. Суммарная длина соцветий к моменту техниче-ской спелости была равна 263,2 -282,2 см, а масса семян -26,3-28,2 г. При декапитации количе-ство репродуктивных веток увеличивается по сравнению с контрольным вариантом в 3,5-3,8 ра-за. Декапитация в сочетании с негативным отбором и вегетационным поливом позволяет полу-чать до 8,4 т стеблей, 2,5 т семян и 2,2 т волокна с каждого гектара посева.Ключевые слова: конопля, декапитация растений, удобрение, урожайность, способ посева, норма высева.
The research objective is improving the mixing quality of the material and determination of structurally-kinematic parameters drum paddle mixer by means of numerical methods. The basis of modern society is the use of variety mixtures and composite materials on their basis. The preparation of the initial mixtures is carried out as directly by mixers, and in some cases by various devices, including extruders and screw presses. Among such devices drum mixers, dryers, mixers, etc are widely distributed. Their feature is the low intensity of mixing, as well as the ability for a relatively short period of time possible to achieve the uniformity of the mixture. Then the quality of the mixture practically does not change. Attempted use of commercially available cement- mixers of periodic action in order to prepare such a mixture as a feed, showed that their existing structures are subject to further improvement because of the impossibility of achieving zootechnical requirements for the preparation of feed on the basis of the purchase and BPD of their own forage. This requires additional theoretical research. The process of the blade drum interaction with the material operating with periodic mixing is shown. The obtained analytical expressions allow to determine the conditions of mixing of the material by major constructive and kinematic parameters of the lobed mixer drum on the basis of numerical methods.
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