We evaluated the differences in mitral valve (MV) plasty (MVP) and MV replacement (MVR) with respect to death, postoperative MV dysfunction, reoperation rates and thromboembolic events (DFRE) in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy and systolic anterior motion of the anterior mitral leaflet-mediated MV regurgitation (HOCM & MR). We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines, searching PubMed, Cochrane library and ClinicalTrials.gov for studies that evaluated DFRE in adults with HOCM & MR after MVP/MVR. We used a risk of bias assessment tool for non-randomized studies, and analyses were performed using Cochrane Review Manager 5.3.5 for I2 statistics, funnel plots and forest plot and the generic inverse variance method for hazard ratios (HRs). We developed qualitative and quantitative syntheses of 35 and 23 studies, respectively, including levels of evidence of ½/3/4/5 = 3/1/11/11/9 and ½/3/4/5 = 0/1/11/11/0, respectively, from January 1980 to August 2017. A statistically significant difference between MVP and MVR favoured MVP for the prevention of DFRE in patients with HOCM & MR, on the basis of a significant reduction of the HR for DFRE: HR = 0.68 (0.57, 0.82), I2 = 68% (P = 0.002). The findings were as follows: (i) MVP should be the first-line treatment in patients with HOCM & MR (accuracy LEVEL A) and (ii) MVR may be harmful if it is used as the first-line treatment (accuracy LEVEL A).

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Objective The main purpose of this article is to evaluate an impact of epicardial ligation of the left atrial appendage (LAA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) on the development of ischemic stroke and mortality. Methods From 2009 to 2013, a total of 125 patients (86.4% men, mean age 64 ± 7 years, 95% confidence interval: 61–65 years) received a combined OPCAB and LAA ligation because of coronary artery disease and AF. All the subjects were divided into two groups: group 1 (n = 57)—LAA ligation during OPCAB, group 2 (n = 68) without LAA ligation during OPCAB. Primary endpoints were postoperative incidence of ischemic stroke and mortality. Results No difference in the number of ischemic stroke (0 vs. 5.9%) and death (0 vs. 4.4%) in both groups during the hospital period (p > 0.05). Median overall follow-up was 41 (22–61) months: without difference for groups (p > 0.05). During follow-up, there was a difference in the number of ischemic stroke (0 vs. 17.6%, p < 0.001), while there was no difference in mortality in two study groups (5.3 vs. 16.2%, p > 0.05). Conclusion Epicardial ligation of LAA during OPCAB in patients with AF may reduce the risk of ischemic stroke in long-term follow-up and does not affect the mortality.

В статье обсуждается редкий клинический случай успешного коронарного шунтирования на работающем сердце у пациента с декстрокардией при транспозиции внутренних органов (Situs Inversus Totalis-SIT). SIT представляет собой редкий вариант нормальной анатомии, в которой основные внутренние органы имеют зеркальное отражение по сравнению с обычным нормальным положением. Ключевые слова: транспозиция внутренних органов, коронарное шунтирование. Отношения и деятельность: нет.

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Инфекционный эндокардит -серьезный диагностический и лечебный вызов для врачей многих специальностей. С целью формирования структурированного подхода к ведению пациентов в статье обсуждаются ключевые положения, касающиеся неврологических аспектов заболевания, которые сформулированы в десяти правилах. Они охватывают клиническую диагностику эндокардита у пациентов с инсультом, особенности реперфузионной терапии, подходы к назначению антитромботической и антибактериальной терапии, а также вопросы хирургического лечения.