Tríbulus terrestris L., an annual herb belonging to the Zygophyllaceae family and growing in moderate and tropical climates, has a rich chemical composition of biologically active substances and chemical elements.The aim of the work is a phytochemical study of Tribulus terrestris L. growing in different geographical zones.Materials and methods. The objects of study were herb specimens of Tribulus terrestris L. collected in different habitats. The samples of the raw materials were shade-dried. The determination of saponins in the raw materials, was carried out by high performance liquid chromatography with a mass spectrometric detection (HPLC-MS / MS). The study of the qualitative and quantitative composition of the elements was carried out on an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer.Results. The saponins had been studied by HPLC-MS/MS, according to which in all the studied samples, dioscin and protodioscin were found. Their retention times coincided with the retention times of dioscin and protodioscin standards. It has been established that among the macroelements of Tríbulus terrestris L., potassium and calcium are mostly accumulated. They account for about 90% of the total content of the elements in the plant. It has been revealed that the distribution of macroand microelements in the plant, varies significantly depending on their place and growing conditions.Conclusion. The maximum dioscin content was observed in the samples harvested in Moldova, and the minimum – in the samples from the nursery garden of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of medicinal and aromatic plants. The largest amount of protodioscin was found out in the samples from the Crimea, and the minimum – in the samples from Moldova. The carried out study of the elements content of Tríbulus terrestris L. showed that the habitats (geographical zones) in which the studied samples of raw materials had been were collected, affect the accumulation of the elements by the plant. Based on the data obtained, biological absorption series have been compiled for the samples from each habitat.
Enterosorbents are produced in various dosage forms – powders, tablets, pastes, etc., some of them are also manufactured in the form of capsules. A water-soluble polysaccharide complex (WSPC) manifesting a pronounced adsorption activity, which determines the prospects for the development of dosage forms of sorbents, was obtained from the cones of European Spruce (Picea abies).The aim of the work is to develop a solid dosage form with an adsorption activity based on a water-soluble polysaccharide complex from the cones of European Spruce (Picea abies).Materials and methods. The samples of European Spruce (Picea abies) cones were collected on the territory of Ilyinsky district of the Perm Krai and used as plant raw materials. A water-soluble polysaccharide complex was obtained from the raw materials. In order to improve the technological properties of the substance, (WSPC) granulates were obtained. The granulates were hand-made by wet granulation. The adsorption activity of the obtained granules was determined by the ability to bind methylene blue.Results. As a result of the experiment it has been established, that the WSPC substance of European Spruce (Picea abies) cones needs to be improved in its technological properties. Granulation of the substance led to an improvement in technological properties and an increase in the adsorption activity in most of the selected compositions. It has also been shown that increased moisture content of granulate decreases its adsorption activity. A direct dependence of the adsorption activity on the concentration of the granulating liquid (with the exception of some granulates) has been revealed, but no significant effect of the size of the granulate particles on the manifestation of the adsorption effect has been reported. According to the results of the study, a dosage form “Capsules” has been proposed for the compositions that showed the best results of the adsorption activity, and their biopharmaceutical evaluation was carried out according to the disintegration test.Conclusion. Thus, a solid dosage form with an adsorption activity has been obtained. The study shows the prospects for further research on the preparation of the drug with an adsorption activity based on the water-soluble polysaccharide complex of European Spruce (Picea abies) cones.
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