We demonstrated the possibility of using LDF method to achieve predictive value in the detection of microcirculatory disorders in an individual patient with diabetes. This extends the perspectives of the method beyond the purely scientific research.
The problem of the medical application of non-invasive (The specially devised multifunctional laser diagnostic system “LAKK-M” was used as a diagnostic instrument in the majority of studies in MONIKI, allowing a combination of methods, such as non-invasive medical spectrophotometry in the form of laser fluorescence spectroscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry, tissue reflectance oximetry, etc. The system was used in both the experiments on laboratory animals, and for treatment of patients in different clinics of the institute.Within the last decade, extensive scientific data has been obtained which has opened up the possibility of using non-invasive medical spectrophotometryMethods of complex non-invasive medical spectrophotometry appear to be an efficient tool in practical medicine for differential diagnostics of a number of diseases and pathologies, as well as for monitoring and prediction of the treatment outcome. At the same time, they also create an important perspective for gaining novel and fundamental knowledge about the blood microcirculation system which was not available earlier due to the absence of the diagnostic technology allowing information to be obtained
Keywords: multifunctional diagnostic systems; non-invasive medical spectrophotometry; laser Doppler flowmetry; optical pulse oximetry; fluorescence diagnostics; unit-module algorithm; generalised task description.
AbstractThe devising of a general engineering theory of multifunctional diagnostic systems for non-invasive medical spectrophotometry is an important and promising direction of modern biomedical engineering. We aim in this study to formalize in scientific engineering terms objectives for multifunctional laser non-invasive diagnostic system (MLNDS).The structure-functional model as well as a task-function of generalized MLNDS was formulated and developed. The key role of the system software for MLNDS general architecture at steps of ideological-technical designing has been proved. The basic principles of block-modules composition of MLNDS hardware are suggested as well.
IntroductionLast decades all over the world optical properties of biological tissues at normality and pathology (in vivo, in situ) became mainstream of intensive studies which allow us to confidently talk about the formation of a new multifunctional diagnostics as well as development of optical non-invasive diagnostic devices and systems [1][2][3]. In fact, it became common on medical technology market to have instruments of the optical pulse oximetry [4] and laser Doppler flowmetry [5] as well as devices for fluorescence diagnostics [6], optical coherence and diffusion tomography [3,7], tissue fat detectors, blood glucose, haemoglobin, and oxyhemoglobin analysers [1][2][3]8]. Of the variety of devices of this type the most numerous group of equipment is systems implementing ideology of non-invasive medical spectrophotometry (NMS) [3], when without any bio-samples taken in accessible areas of patient body (skin, oral mucosa, blood, etc.) levels and accumulation dynamics of various biochemical markers: oxyhemoglobin, flavin respiratory enzymes, porphyrins, lipofuscin, NADH, etc. can be estimated. Moreover the most promising direction in developing such NMS devices is the creation of multifunctional (universal) laser non-invasive diagnostic systems (MLNDS) which in a single hardware implementing various methods of NMS combines fluorescence and absorption spectroscopy, laser Doppler flowmetry, etc. [9]. This allows therapist and clinicians not only receive the arithmetic sum of the diagnostic information that could be collected by each of individual method but conduct multifunctional patient examination measurements aimed for identifying subtle individual characteristics of blood flow and tissue metabolism using simultaneous and comprehensive data from different diagnostic techniques [10].Until recently such mono-and at the best double-functional diagnostic instruments have been designing mostly empirically at lack of any serious consideration and systemic theory. It is clear that the most common theoretical basis for the creation and operation of any medical and optical-electronic devices are applicable in general and in the case of MLNDS. ...
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