The review article presents an analysis of literature data on the necessity to expand the range of medications possessing anti-tuberculosis activity for the treatment of the most severe forms of drug-resistant tuberculosis through the use of beta-lactam antibiotics in chemotherapy regimens. The mechanism of action of beta- lactam antibiotics on mycobacterium tuberculosis is shown, and the results of in vitro studies to assess their anti-tuberculosis activity are presented. Clinical studies on the use of carbapenems prove the feasibility of their use for the treatment of patients with tuberculosis with multiple and extensive drug resistance of the pathogen.
ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» МЗ РФ, Москва, РФ В обзоре представлен анализ данных литературы о частоте нежелательных реакций со стороны почек при химиотерапии больных туберкулезом. Рассмотрены наиболее значимые патофизиологические механизмы развития лекарственной нефротоксичности. Показаны особенности нефротоксического действия аминогликозидов, капреомицина, рифампицина, пиразинамида, фторхинолонов, линезолида. Сделано заключение о необходимости регулярного клинико-лабораторного мониторинга функции почек для своевременного выявления нефротоксических реакций.
The review analyses 47 publications that follow the pathway of clofazimine from its discovery to recognition as a Group B drug for treatment of multiple drug resistant tuberculosis. It describes its mechanism of action and effects on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, pharmacokinetics, and safety parameters.
The article presents the analysis of 36 publications about neurotoxic properties of anti-tuberculosis drugs, their clinical manifestations and mechanisms of the neurotoxic action. It specifies predisposing factors for the development of neurotoxicity and risk groups. It highlights the necessity of early detection of neurotoxicity caused by chemotherapy regimens for timely management and adequate treatment of patients.
This review analyzes 64 publications on repurposed antibiotics and the prospects of their use in the treatment of multiple drug resistant and extensively drug resistant tuberculosis. The article describes mechanisms of action of beta-lactams and macrolides on tuberculous mycobacteria; the results of studies and safety profiles are given.
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