Findings presented here suggest a strong influence of seasonality on depression outcome and BDNF expression in AD and PS and likely reflect separate patient populations which differentially respond to environment-based stressors.
This article contents the results of computed tomography with intravenous bolus contrast media administration data analysis in children with transposition and congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries with the consequental performing of the multiplanar heart-axis-oriented reformations. Among 148 examined children transposition of great arteries was detected in 13 patients (9 boys and 4 girls aged 1-144 day of life); congenitally corrected transposition was found in 4 cases of children aged from 6 months to 15 years and 6 months (2 boys and 2 girls). In this article comprehensive anatomical criteria of each heart chamber morphology are presented and reformations where these criteria can be seen are shown. Also in the article is given comparative characterization of heart and great arteries structures in transposition and congenitally corrected transposition in every certain heart-axis-oriented reformation. By the results of consequently performed heart-axis-oriented reformations data analysis the peculiar anatomical signs of transposition and congenitally corrected transposition are determined. The results of data analysis show that from the list of offered reformations the peculiar anatomical signs of both kinds of transposition are significantly determined in long-axis of right ventricle inflow tract reformation, left heart chambers reformation, supply ventricle division reformation, short-axis reformation at the level of great arteries. Computed tomographic angiocardiography heart-axis-oriented multiplanar reformations permit full and correct assessment of heart and main vessels, which is important for planning of surgical treatment in congenital heart diseases.
The presented article is devoted to the issue of diagnosis of rupture of ovarian cyst complicated by hemoperitoneum. Ovarian apoplexy ranks third in the structure of urgent diseases in gynecology and second among the causes of intra-abdominal bleeding. It is a sudden hemorrhage into the ovarian tissue, accompanied by a violation of the integrity of its tissue and in some cases bleeding into the abdominal cavity, may be asymptomatic or accompanied by the sudden appearance of unilateral pain in the lower abdomen. In the conditions of emergency rest during emergency diagnostics, the main advantage of ultrasound is the ability to perform in any conditions and in any condition of the patient, therefore, this method is considered in the scientific literature as the main one for the initial examination of such patients, nevertheless, in the scientific literature there is information about the differential diagnosis of emergency gynecological conditions accompanied by hemoperitoneum by X-ray computed tomography. The article presents the signs detected during ultrasound diagnostics and computed tomography in case of rupture of an ovarian cyst, systematized on the basis of literature data and our clinical experience. The main ultrasound and CT symptoms are intraperitoneal effusion with the presence of a sentinel thrombus in the injured ovary and cystic formation in the ovary. The combined analysis of these signs will help the practitioner in an urgent situation not only to determine the blood in the abdominal cavity, but also to determine the source of bleeding, as well as to differentiate the rupture of the ovarian cyst from other conditions accompanied by acute abdominal pain syndrome.
The possibility of using multiplanar reformations oriented on the axis of heart in diagnosing the common arterial trunk with X-ray computed tomography is substantiated. Examination data of 140 patients aged 1-19 days of life, 3030-3890 g body weight with conotruncal congenital heart diseases was analyzed, and common arterial trunk was detected in 7 patients (4 - boys, 3 - girls). In 5 (72%) patients, it developed mainly from the morphological right ventricle, 1 (14%) - completely from the morphologically right ventricle, and 1 more (14%) - evenly located above the ventricles. In four (57%) cases, the trunk valve had three leaflets, in two (28,5%) cases - two, in one (14,5%) case - four. All the patients had mitral-semilunar fibrous prolongation, intraventricular septal defects, doubled coronary arteries system, and the pulmonary arteries had their origin from ascendant part of common trunk. Pulmonary arteries had also their own common trunk in 4 (57%) cases, separate estuary in 3 (43%) cases. Aortic arc abnormalities included dextral aortic arc (2 cases), discontinuity of aortic arc (1 case), discontinuity of fourth aortic arc with persistence of fifth left aortic arc (2 cases). In general, computed tomographic angiocardiography heart-axis-oriented multiplanar reformations permit full and correct assessment of heart and main vessels, which is important for surgical treatment planning in congenital heart diseases.
Aortic dissection is a longitudinal rupture of the aorta associated with the destruction of the middle layer of the aortic wall, the separation of intima and adventitia and the formation of two lumens, which is an urgent condition requiring emergency surgical care. The presented illustrated literature review is devoted to the differentiation of true and false lumens in the acute and chronic stages of aortic dissection during computed tomography. The article summarizes and systematizes the experience of computed tomography diagnostics in aortic dissection based on data available in domestic and foreign publications, as well as the results of their own clinical observations. We have identified the main and secondary signs detected by computed tomography in cases of aortic dissection. The most important and unambiguously indicative of false lumen in classical acute and chronic aortic dissection are the larger size of the false lumen, the sign of a beak and the sign of a web. Other signs, such as calcification of the aorta, changes in the curvature and thickness of the intimal medial flap, the Mercedes-Benz symptom, the presence of thrombotic masses, the characteristics of the interposition of the lumens and the wind indicator symptom are less constant, however, a careful analysis of the totality of all secondary signs allows you to give important diagnostic information and characterize as fully as possible the manifestations significant for a cardiovascular surgeon dissections of the aorta. A cumulative analysis of computed tomographic signs in cases of aortic dissection will help a practicing radiologist not only distinguish the true lumen from the false aorta, but also determine the stage of the process based on their characteristics, which affects the tactics of complex treatment, especially with atypical dissection.
ОсОбеннОсти применения метОдОв лучевОй диагнОстики в педиатрическОй практике Геннадий евГеньевич Труфанов, докт. мед. наук, зав. кафедрой рентгенологии и радиологии с курсом ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБВОУ ВПО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» МО РФ владимир александрович фокин, докт. мед. наук, профессор кафедры рентгенологии и радиологии с курсом ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБВОУ ВПО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» МО РФ дмиТрий олеГович иванов, докт. мед. наук, профессор, директор Института перинатологии и педиатрии ФГУ «Федеральный центр сердца, крови и эндокринологии им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России владимир викТорович рязанов, докт. мед. наук, профессор, руководитель научно-исследовательской группы функциональных и лучевых методов диагностики в перинатологии Института перинатологии и педиатрии ФГУ «Федеральный центр сердца, крови и эндокринологии им. В.А. Алмазова» Минздрава России викТор владимирович ипаТов, канд. мед. наук, врач-радиолог отделения позитронно-эмиссионной и компьютерной томографии клиники рентгенорадиологии кафедры рентгенологии и радиологии с курсом ультразвуковой диагностики ФГБВОУ ВПО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» МО РФ,
According to the official statistics, in Perm region a number of preterm births (PB) has declined by 1.5% over the last 10 years; however, PB is still a leading cause for neonatal mortality. Despite a lot of already performed research and studies that are being performed at the moment, there is still no clear understanding what etiological factors cause PB. The paper contains a literature review of research that focused on PB risk factors. Certain factors are generally recognized and included into «Preterm birth» clinical report (2013), but literature data analysis allowed revealing additional PB risk factors. Cervical incompetence (CI) is a generally recognized PB risk factor. In 2018 clinical recommendations were published; they contained a list of CI risk factors and some of them coincided with PB risk factors (bad habits, extreme anthropometric parameters, peculiarities in obstetric and gynecologic case history, certain extra-genital diseases, multiple pregnancy, application of assisted reproductive technologies, complicated pregnancy); some others are considered to cause only CI (application of anti-tumor hormonal preparations, CI in family case history, abnormal development and disorders in the structure of female genital organs, surgeries on ovaries in case history). We performed comparative analysis of PB and CI risk factors and it helped us substantiate a necessity to create a unified list of PB risk factors as it would allow optimizing not only procedures applied to rank female patients but also accomplishing relevant PB prevention.
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