Since 1933 in the Rostov region, the official registration of tularemia began. In 1964-1949 the highest incidence was noted. Since 1947, they have been vaccinated against tularemia. In 1966 to 1973, there were no cases of tularemia. In July-August 1993, a large outbreak of tularemia (more than 200 people) was recorded. Until early 2017, the epidemic situation in tularemia in the Rostov region, according to the data of long-term monitoring, was assessed as stable, but low coverage with vaccinations against tularemia, both in the population of endemic territories and in individuals of certain professional categories was recorded. In january 2017, two residents of Rostov-on-Don received a clinical diagnosis of «tularemia». In june and july 2017, three cases of tularemia were reported. The most effective mechanism for preventing the spread of tularemia remains vaccination of the population from the contingent of risk. We consider it advisable to conduct studies of the immunity to tularemia in the population vaccinated in the last five years, to significantly increase the reliability of short- and long-term prognosis for tularemia in the region.
Objective: to study the sanitary condition of various environmental objects of the Rostov region and the degree of their contamination.Materials and methods: in the period from 2015 to 2019, more than 5600 sanitary and parasitological studies of environmental objects of the Rostov region were performed on the basis of the Rostov Research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology: waste water and its precipitation, soil, water of open surface reservoirs. The work was carried out in accordance with the accepted normative documents.Results: it was found that 33.4 % of all tested samples were positive, and 1.4% of the samples contained viable eggs of various pathogens of helminthiasis and did not meet the requirements of regulatory documents.Conclusions: the results of the study indicate that the environmental objects of the Rostov region are polluted with parasitic pathogens and their unsatisfactory sanitary and parasitological condition.
Введение. Пандемия COVID-19 в 2020 году внесла свой вклад в эпидемиологию респираторных инфекций. Важным является своевременное проведение дифференциальной диагностики COVID-19 и сезонных острых респираторных заболеваний. У пациентов с новой коронавирусной инфекцией возрастает риск развития госпитальной пневмонии. Актуальным является анализ особенностей циркуляции резистентных к антибактериальным химиопрепаратам штаммов возбудителей внутрибольничных инфекций. Цель – изучение этиологической структуры внебольничных пневмоний в период эпидемического распространения COVID-19, оценка рисков присоединения возбудителей пневмоний, связанных с оказанием медицинской помощи. Материалы и методы: Исследовали биологический материал от 446 пациентов с диагнозом «внебольничная пневмония», находившихся на амбулаторном лечении или в стационарах г. Ростова-на-Дону. Верификация респираторных вирусов, включая РНК SARS-CoV-2, а также M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila выполнена методом полимеразной цепной реакции в мазках носоглотки. Бактериологический анализ мокроты проводили с использованием дифференциально-диагностических сред, идентификацию выделенных патогенов осуществляли с помощью времяпролетной масс-спектрометрии на приборе Autoflex (Bruker Daltonics) c программным обеспечением BioTyper 3,0. Результаты и обсуждение. В период распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции в Ростовской области доля положительных результатов на SARS-CoV-2 среди пациентов с диагнозом внебольничная пневмония составляет 35,6 %. Частота микстинфекций вирусной природы достоверно не отличалась среди пациентов с лабораторно подтвержденным диагнозом COVID-19 и пациентов с отрицательным результатом на SARS-CoV-2 (25,9 % и 26,2 %, соответственно). В структуре микробиоты превалировали грибы рода Candida и плазмокоагулирущие стафилококки. Достоверно чаще от пациентов с лабораторно подтвержденным COVID-19 изолировали культуры неферментирующих грамотрицательных бактерий. У 51,6% пациентов, проходивших лечение в стационаре, отмечено вторичное коинфицирование, вероятно связанное с объектами внешней среды или с передачей инфекции от персонала. Передача ИСМП между пациентами не установлена.
By August 2020, more than 850000 cases of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) caused by SARSCoV-2 were confirmed in the Russian Federation, with the Rostov Region as one of the ten most affected regions in Russia. The spread of the disease is largely determined by the state of population immunity in a certain area. Our research focuses on specific humoral immune response and estimates the level of herd immunity to SARS-CoV-2 virus among the population of the Rostov Region.Materials and methods. The study involved 3,048 people; the volunteers participating in the study were divided into seven age groups. The content of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 was determined applying ELISA using a kit for the analysis of human serum or blood plasma for the presence of specific IgG to the nucleocapsid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, manufactured by the State Scientific Center of Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology (Obolensk) in accordance with the instructions for use.Results and discussion. The assessment of seroprevalence to SARS-CoV-2 in the Rostov Region showed that the proportion of people positive for IgG to the new coronavirus was 16.5 %, the range of seropositive individuals in the general population was between 13.9 % and 19.1 % (p<0.05). There were no significant gender differences in the degree of seroprevalence with a positive result registered in 16.6 % of women and 16.5 % of men. A high level of humoral immunity to SARS-CoV-2 was established in individuals aged 1–17 against the background of low incidence rates, which may indicate the dominance of asymptomatic forms of the disease in this age group. The highest level of seropositivity was found in preschool children (33.6 %), students (29.3 %), employees (17.3 %), and education professionals (15.3 %).
Objective: monitoring, analysis and forecast of the spread of new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in the Rostov region.Materials and methods: analysis of data on the incidence of COVID-19 in the Rostov region, obtained on the basis of agencies: Department of the Federal service for supervision of consumer protection and human welfare in the Rostov region, Center of hygiene and epidemiology in Rostov region, Rostov research Institute of Microbiology and Parasitology, as well as the monitoring of information on the Internet sites of the Government of the Rostov region and the regional headquarters for the fight against the spread of COVID-19. Application of the SEIR analytical platform to build a mathematical model for predicting the spread of infection in the Rostov region.Results: the article presents an analysis of the epidemiological situation for the incidence of COVID-19 in the Rostov region, analyzes the effectiveness of preventive and anti-epidemic measures with the ability to predict the development of the epidemiological process in the region.
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