Objective: To detect early morphological and functional signs of neurodegeneration of the retina in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) without signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR), to determine the presence and nature of the relationship between the studied parameters.Methods: The study included 30 patients with type 2 DM without DR (main group) and 30 healthy individuals (control group). Optical coherence tomography and microperimetry were performed.Results: In the main group, a significant decrease in the average photosensitivity of the retina and a decrease in its photosensitivity in the fovea and in the upper, lower, and temporal quadrants of parafovea were revealed. A significant difference between the groups was also recorded in the thickness of the inner layers of the retina in the temporal quadrant of parafovea. There was also a significant difference in the volume of focal loss of retinal ganglion cells.Conclusions: Neurodegenerative and related functional changes in the retina were revealed in patients with type 2 DM without signs of DR. Retinal neurodegeneration is one of the reasons for the deterioration of visual function in patients with DM and can aggravate the prognosis of the disease. Optical coherence tomography and microperimetry can be used for early diagnosis and monitoring of this process.
Objective: Comparison of complications development rate in various methods for implanting intraocular lenses (IOLs) in the surgical treatment of congenital cataract.Methods: The results of surgical treatment of 16 children under 5 years old with bilat‑ eral congenital cataract were assessed. In each case, IOL was implanted according to the technique “optic capture” into one eye (the 1st group of study); the lens was implanted after capsulorrhexis and extraction of anterior segments of vitreous body into the second eye (the 2nd group of study).Results: Fibrinoplastic complications in the postoperative period were more often recorded in the 2nd group than in the 1st one (5 and 1 eyes, respectively). Epithelial proliferation in the 2nd group developed in 10, in the 1st group – in 5 eyes.Conclusions: In the surgical treatment of congenital cataract, implantation of IOLs according to the technique “optic capture” is an effective way of epithelial proliferation and opacity prevention reducing visual acuity in postoperative period. This method is safe regarding inflammatory fibrinoplastic reactions and allows maintaining normal anatomical position of the vitreoretinal structures of the growing eye.
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