High-grade brain gliomas are characterized by a rapid clinical course and a 2-year survival rate of 8-12%. Despite the improvement of methods of surgery, radiotherapy( RT), and systemic drug therapy, it is still not possible to significantly increase the overall and relapse-free survival in patients with this neuro-oncological pathology, and the combination of RT and CT with hyperthermic electrotherapy (oncothermy) (OT) looks like a promising method that helps to increase the effectiveness of special treatment.
At the same time, oncothermia does not cause brain edema and does not worsen the quality of life of neuro-oncological patients. At the same time, a possible alternative to further progress in improving the results of treatment of primary brain gliomas (WHO Grade III-IV) is not only to optimize the radiotherapy program, but also to combine standard methods of radical treatment with hyperthermic electrotherapy.
This article presents preliminary immediate results of treatment of 20 patients who received special treatment in the RSCRR with an assessment of the toxicity and safety of its implementation and with an assessment of the likely resumption of continued tumor growth 1.5 and 3 months after the end of treatment. In General, the data obtained indicate the safety of the developed method of special treatment of this category of neuro-oncological patients,
which confirms the results obtained in 28.09.2019 patent for an invention. However, for final conclusions, further clinical studies are required on a larger group of patients with longer follow-up periods, followed by a thorough analysis of the results.
Breast cancer occupies the 1st place in the structure of oncological morbidity and mortality in the female population in the Russian Federation and is the second most common metastasis of primary solid malignant tumor after lung cancer, and the incidence of these often fatal lesions is currently increasing after improving systemic treatment.At the same time, the prognosis of patients who develop metastatic brain damage is usually unfavorable, since few of them live longer than 1 year.The purpose of the study: to analyze recent studies related to the use of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of breast cancer metastases in the brain.Conclusion. If there are characteristic results of MRI studies indicating the presence of possible primary gliomas of the brain, and not metastases, surgical intervention (biopsy) is necessary for histopathological studies, in order to finally establish the diagnosis of the underlying disease.
За последние два десятилетия парадигмы лучевой терапии полностью перешли от двумерного подхода (2D), основанного исключительно на анатомических костных ориентирах, к трехмерному (3D) индивидуальному дозиметрическому планированию под визуальным контролем, принимая во внимание различия в размере, положении опухоли и органов риска (ОР) для более точного подведения очаговых доз к клиническим мишеням с одновременным максимальным щажением ОР. В данной статье кратко представлены достижения в области дистанционной лучевой терапии (ДЛТ) и автоматизированной брахитерапии (БТ) для лечения местнораспространенного рака шейки матки. При этом, акцентировано внимание на исторической эволюции от технологий 2D-лучевой терапии к 3D-конформной лучевой терапии (3D CRT) с последующим переходом к лучевой терапии с модулированной интенсивностью (IMRT), которая в настоящее время становится стандартом планирования и реализации ДЛТ. Обсуждены достижения БТ, в частности, эволюция от манчестерской системы БТ в условиях низкой мощности дозы излучения до внедряемой в настоящее время адаптивной БТ под трехмерным визуальным контролем (3D-IGABT). В этом контексте уделено внимание недавно проведенным крупным когортным исследованиям, которые показали значительное улучшение местного контроля (МК) и снижение токсичности, связанной с применением технологии 3D-IGABT. Наконец, кратко отмечены и другие технологические достижения в лучевой терапии инвазивного местнораспространенного рака шейки матки.
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