Currently, there is no doubt surrounding a theory that the cardiotropic effects of sex hormones can be due to their direct effect on the cardiovascular system. In recent years, interest in the study of steroid glycosides has increased. We studied the effects of furostanol glycosides (protodioscin and deltozid) from the cell culture of the Dioscorea deltoidea (laboratory code DM-05) on the physiological and biochemical parameters of vascular endothelial function in hypoestrogen-induced endothelial dysfunction after bilateral ovariectomy. It was shown that the use of DM-05 at a dose of 1 mg/kg makes it possible to prevent the development of arterial hypertension (the level of systolic blood pressure (SBP) decreases by 9.7% (p < 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) by 8.2%), to achieve a decrease in the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction by 1.75 times against the background of a hypoestrogenic state. With DM-05, an increase in the concentration of stable nitric oxide metabolites (NOx) by 45.6% (p < 0.05) and an increase in mRNA endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression by 34.8% (p < 0.05) was established, which indicates a positive effect of furostanol glycosides on the metabolism of nitric oxide after ovariectomy. Positive dynamics in the histological structure of the heart and the abdominal aorta indicate the pronounced endothelio- and atheroprotective effects of DM-05.

Preeclampsia is a severe disease of late pregnancy. Etiological factors and a pathogenetic pattern of events still require significant clarification, but it is now recognized that a large role is played by placentation disorders and emerging endothelial dysfunction. The administration of short-chain peptides mimicking the spatial structure of the B erythropoietin chain may become one of the directions of searching for new drugs for preeclampsia prevention and therapy. Simulation of ADMA-like preeclampsia in Wistar rats was performed by the administration of a non-selective NOS blocker L-NAME from the 14th to 20th day of pregnancy. The administration of the pHBSP at the doses of 10 µg/kg and 250 µg/kg corrected the established morphofunctional disorders. The greatest effect was observed at a dose of 250 µg/kg. There was a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 31.2 and 32.8%, respectively (p < 0.0001), a decrease in the coefficient of endothelial dysfunction by 48.6% (p = 0.0006), placental microcirculation increased by 82.8% (p < 0.0001), the NOx concentration was increased by 42,6% (p = 0.0003), the greater omentum edema decreased by 11.7% (p = 0.0005) and proteinuria decreased by 76.1% (p < 0.0002). In addition, there was an improvement in the morphological pattern of the fetoplacental complex and the ratio of BAX to Bcl-2 expression which characterizes the apoptotic orientation of the cells.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is one of the most serious diseases of the second half of pregnancy and is surely amongst the top three causes of maternal mortality. Therefore, the creation of new drugs for preventing and correcting preeclampsia is an urgent task.

Introduction. Preeclampsia is a formidable disease of the second half of pregnancy, leading to severe complications, including disability and even death. Many authors have recognized the correlation between the severity of preeclampsia and the degree of disturbances in the hemostasis system. In this regard, the objective of this study was to assess inhibition of platelet aggregation and the possibility of its correction with resverаtrol and nicorandil. Materials and methods. The study was performed on 250 mature white Wistar female rats weighing 250–300 g. The platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, ristomycin, adrenaline was determined, as well as PTT, TT, aPTT, fibrinogen, and the clotting time. Results and discussion. Introduction of resverаtrol and nicorandil resulted in a decrease in thrombocyte aggregation capacity from 53.8 ± 2.60% to 22.1 ± 1.25% and 37.1 ± 1.79%, respectively, when using ADP as an inducer. The clotting time was from 841 ± 42 s up to 1135 ± 33 s and 1034 ± 26 s, respectively. In addition, there was an increase in temporal parameters of plasma-coagulation hemostasis and a decrease in plasma fibrinogen content. The use of glibenclamide resulted in partial cancellation of the positive effects of resverаtrol and nicorandil, with an increase in platelet aggregation to 28.9 ± 1.8% and 43.9 ± 1.2% when using ADP as an inducer and a decrease in the thrombosis time to 988 ± 26 s and 950 ± 22 s, respectively. Conclusion. In animals with experimental preeclampsia, there were disturbances in the hemostasis system, comparable to those in the clinical situation. The use of resverаtrol and nicorandil leads to a pronounced correction of hemostasis parameters. The positive effects of the studied pharmacological agents are mediated by several mechanisms, including K+ATP channels.

Introduction: Over the past decade, preeclampsia has been the subject of an increased attention, as this complication is the most common cause of maternal mortality, triggering every third case of obstetric morbidity and taking lives of up to 50.000 young women worldwide each year. Despite a large number of ongoing studies, no clear algorithm for monitoring pregnant women with this pathology has been developed yet. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 220 female Wistar rats weighing 250–300 g. In the experiment, ADMA-like preeclampsia model was used. Results and discussion: The introduction of L-NAME to the animals from the 14th till the 20th day of pregnancy causes the following disturbances: a rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 1.4 and 1.5 times, an increase in proteinuria in 3.3 times and an increase in the content of fluid in the greater omentum from 44.39 ± 1.62% to 55.02 ± 1.74%, all of which correspond to the disorders in pregnant women in case of preeclampsia. The use of the selective inhibitor of arginase II KUD 975 (3mg/kg/day) in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (10mg/kg/day) leads to a pronounced correction in the emerging changes: a decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in 1.2 and 1.3 times, a decrease in proteinuria in 1.9 times and a decrease in the fluid content in the greater omentum. Conclusion: Selective inhibitor of arginase II KUD 975 and small doses of acetylsalicylic acid have a pronounced positive effect in the correction of morphofunctional disorders in animals with ADMA-like preeclampsia.

Using the combined application of L-arginine with HMG-Co-A reductase inhibitors simvastatin, atorvastatin, rosuvastatin and nanoparticulated rosuvastatin on the background of modeling of sepsis-induced disease through the introduction of strain 603 Staphylococcus aureus shows endotelio- and cardioprotective effects, manifesting itself in preventing the proliferation of endothelial dysfunction coefficient (CED), adrenoreactivity, maintenance of myocardial reserve and the normalization of biochemical markers values (Total NO, eNOS expression, C-reactive protein, IL-6, TNF). In this case, the combined therapy was so effective that the values obtained thereunder did not differ from those obtained from control animals.

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The endotelio- and cardioprotective effects of vitamin B6 (2 mg/kg) and folic acid (0.2 mg/kg) upon modeling of methionine-induced hyperhomocysteinemia via methionine intragastric administration at a dose of 3 g/kg were studied. It was shown that the combined use of vitamin B6 and folic acid allows on the background of a significant reduction in homocysteine concentrations normalizing the endothelial dysfunction coefficient and the parameters of maximum left ventricular pressure in response to intravenous administration of adrenaline. The research was partially supported by the grant of the President of the Russian Federation №MD-4711.2015.7.