Variations of the axillary artery and its branches are quite common. Some variations are clinically significant and having knowledge of them can be useful for the prevention of diagnostic errors during surgical interventions in the axillary fossa. Classically, the third part of the axillary artery presents three branches—the subscapular, the anterior, and the posterior circumflex humeral arteries. The subscapular artery is divided into the circumflex scapular and the thoracodorsal arteries. Our work presents a previously undescribed branching pattern of the right subscapular artery. It branched into the thoracodorsal, the circumflex scapular, the profunda brachii, and the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries. The profunda brachii artery was 0.4 cm in diameter and ran inferiorly to the humeromuscular canal. No branches of the profunda brachii artery were found in the superior part of the arm before entering the humeromuscular canal. No variations in the other parts of the right axillary artery and of the left axillary artery were discovered. The described branching pattern of the subscapular artery can be important and essential for surgeons and radiologists.
This paper deals with the study of the relationship between parameters of the Peyer's patches of the small intestine in intact rats of different age groups. The correlation analysis revealed the direct relationship between the parameters.
ASTRACT. We have studied the microscopic features of buccal epithelium in smoking students of Indo-Dravidian race. In the epithelial cells of the mucous cheek surface of smoking students we revealed the scored nuclei with tongue-and broken egg-type protrusions, micronuclei, cellular dimorphism, binuclear cells, as well as a significant decrease in nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio, as compared to the control, which may indicate the presence of local inflammation resulting from the toxic effects of smoking products on the oral mucosa.
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