The paper presents the results of the study of the drug toxicity “Vitosept” in its preclinical studies in intact white mice. It was found that according to the assessment of toxicological parameters of the studied biocidal product is low-toxic. Oral administration of even its highest concentrations (500 mg/l) did not show a pronounced toxic effect. During the action of the drug for 20 days no deviations in the clinical condition, behavioral reactions, reflex activity did not occur. It was found that most of the values that characterize the functional state of the hematopoietic and hepatobiliary systems, against the background of different concentrations of sodium hypochlorite, did not undergo significant changes compared with the control. The hemoglobin content in the blood of white mice in the experimental groups increased compared with the control in the first three experimental groups (concentration of GHN 100–300 mg/l). With increasing concentration of the drug, when administered intraperitoneally, there was a greater number of leukocytes in the blood of laboratory animals. At the same time, a probable increase in this indicator was found only in mice of the II experimental group when administered orally to animals of the lowest test concentration (100 mg/l). The concentration of total protein, urea and glucose in the blood of white mice under the action of “Vitosept” was similar in animals of the control and experimental groups. The revealed tendency to increase the activity of certain enzymes (LF, ALT, AST) was short-lived, and is obviously a compensatory response of animals to the xenobiotic effect of the drug. On the 20th day of the experiment, the studied white mice of the experimental groups were close to those in the control group.
The effect of ‘Vitosept’ drug, based on sodium hypochlorite solution with high purity, obtained in a specially developed membraneless flow electrolyzer, on the embryotoxic and teratogenic properties in rats was investigated. To determine the embryotoxic effect of ‘Vitosept’ on the development of white rats offspring of the 1st generation, control and three experimental groups (G1, G2, G3) were formed from pregnant females. The females of the control group with a blunt probe were injected daily for 30 days with 5 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution, and experimental ones with 5 ml of ‘Vitosept’ drug with different concentration of high purity sodium hypochlorite: Group I (G1) — 50 mg/l; Group II (G2) — 100 mg/l; Group III (G3) — 500 mg/l. The animals were observed. During the observation the condition and behavior of the females, the dynamics of body weight change, duration of pregnancy, and the course of birth were monitored. The results of the experiment were recorded after the slaughter of pregnant females (20th day of pregnancy) and in the postnatal period of development of the offspring. Studies have shown that the use of different concentrations of the drug ‘Vitosept’ in rats for 30 days before and during pregnancy has no embryotoxic and teratogenic effects. According to the indicators of the total, pre- and postimplantation lethality of embryos, there were no reliable changes in the structure and morphometry of internal organs and tissues in 20-day-old fetuses, and their development corresponded to the terms of pregnancy. There was no significant difference between the fertility of female rats in the test and control groups. The average number of fetuses per female was within 9 animals. The rats obtained from the females of the experimental groups were viable and did not lag behind in growth and development compared with the control animals, which generally characterizes the studied drug ‘Vitosept’ as non-toxic, lacking embryotoxic and teratogenic action
The authors examined the toxicological parameters of the drug “Vitosept”, based on a solution sodium chloride, which is obtained by the diaphragm free (diaphragmless) continuous flow electrolyzer. According to the developers, the sodium chloride solution obtained in this way is the optimal carrier of active oxygen; non-toxic; it easily releases active oxygen and penetrates through protein barriers. In the course of the research, it was found that during the whole observation period, the experimental animals were active, had satisfactory appetite, responded to sound and light stimuli, and retained reflex excitability. Clinical signs of violations on the part of the respiratory and urinary tract systems, as well as disorders of the gastrointestinal tract – were absent. Inadequate reactions and death of animals – were not observed. The morphological and biochemical changes in the blood of experimental rats showed an increase in the total number of leukocytes by 19.4%, 28.6% and 33.7%, as compared to control. The erythrocyte index of intoxication in rats of the IVth experimental group increased more than twice (P < 0.05). The total protein content of blood serum of animals of the II and III groups was higher than the control values by 9.3% and 3.2%. At the same time, the increase in albumin fractions was 33.2% and 36.4%, respectively (P < 0.05). Consequently, in the course of the research, it was found that the DL50 of the drug for intragastric (rat) and intra-abdominal (white mouse) inputting is less than 1000 mg/l, and according to this index it relates it to grade IV toxicity – low-toxic compounds. The revealed individual changes in the evaluation of hematological and biochemical parameters of blood in rats and mice did not go beyond the limits of physiological parameters and most likely were compensatory in nature.
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