BackgroundSuboptimal health status (SHS) is recognized as a subclinical, reversible stage of chronic disease. Association has been confirmed between SHS and cardiovascular risk factors, indicating that SHS may contribute to the development of cardiovascular disease. This study explored integrated risk assessment of cardiovascular disease by combining SHS questionnaire-25 (SHSQ-25) and indicators of endothelial dysfunction.MethodsA community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 459 residents of Samara, Russia, who had no history of clinical diagnosed disease and did not receive any treatment in the last 2 weeks. The SHS score was derived from the data collected in the SHSQ-25. Blood pressure, body mass index, and glucose and lipid levels (total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, cholesterol and triglycerides) were measured by physical examination and laboratory performance. The relationship between SHS and endothelial dysfunction was examined using Pearson’s correlation linear regression analysis. Cluster analysis was performed to identify systemic patterns arising from exposure to a variety of risk factors.ResultsSignificant correlations were observed between index of endothelial function and the overall performance of SHS (r = −0.31, p < 0.05), and individual scales of the questionnaire SHSQ-25: fatigue (r = −0.36, p < 0.05), mental (r = −0.29, p < 0.05), and the cardiovascular system (r = −0.36). Based on cluster analysis, all subjects were grouped into five clusters: (1) optimal health status, (2) SHS at low risk of disease states, (3) SHS with a high risk of non-cardiac pathologies profile, (4) SHS of low risk of cardiovascular disease, and (5) SHS with high risk of cardiovascular disease.ConclusionsSHS is associated with endothelial dysfunction. Integration of suboptimal health status and endothelial dysfunction provides a novel tool to allow people to get a more holistic picture of both subjective and objective health measures, and also can be applied to routine screening for risks of cardiovascular diseases.
Aim - to study the prevalence of syndromes of anxiety and depression in correlation with major risk factors (RF) of chronic noninfectious diseases among patients of the Samara region considering themselves healthy. Materials and methods. A comparative population-based cross-sectional study was based on a representative selection of patients (95 people) from the Samara region (rural and urban population) at the age of 19-68 years. Results. The study revealed a significant increase in the rates of fatigue, anxiety and depression in outpatients. The syndrome of anxiety of subclinical level was detected in 35.7% of patients, clinical level - in 23.2% of patients; the syndrome of subclinical depression was revealed in 21.0% of patients, and 4.2% had the clinical level. We discovered the correlation between the syndromes of anxiety and depression and the major RF of chronic noninfectious diseases and patient’s satisfaction with quality of medical care in the clinic. High levels of anxiety were more frequent in men, at older age, and were associated with physical inactivity. Severe depression more often occurred at older age and in the presence of hypercholesterolemia. The income level of the patient correlated with the level of stress exposure, physical activity and satisfaction with the work of the policlinics. We did not reveal the relationship between the syndromes of anxiety and/or depression and the level of income, degree of hypertension, social activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, and body mass index. Conclusion. The results indicate that the presence of the syndromes of anxiety and depression increases the risk of occurrence of other independent risk factors of chronic noninfectious diseases. The identified trends can serve as the basis for targeted screening programs for diagnostics and prevention of chronic noninfectious diseases.
Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сеченова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 119991, Москва, ул. Трубецкая, 8, стр. 2; 2-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Казанский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 420012, Казань, ул. Бутлерова, 49; 3-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Саратовский государственный медицинский университет имени В.И.Разумовского» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 410012, Саратов, ул. Большая Казачья, 112; 4-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия им. В.Г.Вогралика» Минздрава России: 603005, Нижний Новгород, пл. Минина и Пожарского, 10 / 1; 5-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Башкирский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 450000, Уфа, ул. Ленина, 3; 6-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 443099, Самара, ул. Чапаевская, 89; 7-Государственное бюджетное учреждение Ростовской области «Областная клиническая больница № 2»: 344029, Ростов на Дону, ул. 1 й Конной Армии, 33; 8-Государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения Нижегородской области «Городская клиническая больница № 38 Нижегородского района г. Нижнего Новгорода», 603000, Нижний Новгород, ул. Чернышевского, 22; 9-Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ставропольский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации: 355017, Ставрополь, ул. Мира, 310; 10-Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Казанский (Приволжский) федеральный университет»: 420008, Казань, ул. Кремлевская, 18 Информация об авторах Овчаренко Светлана Ивановна-д. м. н., профессор кафедры факультетской терапии № 1 лечебного факультета Федерального государственного бюджетного образовательного учреждения высшего образования «Первый московский государственный медицинский университет имени И.М.Сече нова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации, заслуженный врач РФ; тел.: (499) 248 45 23
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