Β. Μ. KoBa.ib Κ Bonpocy ο xapaKTepe ({tpaaeojiorHiecKHx cooTseTCTBHfi β cjisbäh-CKHX Η 6aJITUfiCKHX fl3bncax MccjieaoBaHHe oaJiTO-cjiaBHHCKHx nauKOBbix cBHaefi TpajjwijHOHHo ocymecTBJineTCH Ha φοΗβΤΗΗβΟΚΟΜ, ΜΟρφΟΛΟΓΗΊΘΟΚΟΜ Η (OCOÖeHHO HaCTO) Ha JieKCHieCKOM ypOBHHX. O^HaKO npw HayqeHMH Kpyra BonpocoB, cenaaHHux c ßajiTo-cjiaBHHCKoö npoöJieMa-THKoft, He MeHee cymecTBGHHUM npe^CTaejineTCH ncnojibaoBaHne ooraThix φρβββοΛο-THMeCKHX φΟΗ^ΟΒ 3THX HSBIKOB. PaÖOTbl, BbUlOJIHeHHhie Β 3T0M HanpaBJieHHH, ΟΤΗβΤ-JIHBO NO^TBEPJKAAJOT BaHtHOCTb Η ΠβρΟΠβΚΤΗΒΗΟΟΤΙ» npHBJ16H6HHH φρβββΟΛΟΓΗΗβΟΚΗΧ MaTepnajIOB CJiaBHHCKHX Η ÖaJITHftCKHX H3BIKOB KaK Β CHHXpOHHOH, TaK Η Β AHaxpOH-HOM acneKTax 1 . ΠρΗ XapaKTepHCTHKe φρ33βΟΛΟΓΗ , ΙβΟΚΗΧ COOTBGTCTBHtt Β pOACTBeHHLIX flabIKaX (B TOM IHCJIE Β CJIABHHCKHX Η ÖAJITHÜCKHX) Hena6e>KHO BOBHHKAET Bonpoc ο PAARPAHHHEHHH THnojiorHnecKHx (napaJiJiejibHiix, ocHOBaHHbix Ha H3I>IKOBI>IX yHHBepcajiHHx) Η ΓΘΗΘ-THQECKHX ("nepeceKaiomHxcH", BOCXOFLHMHX κ O6MEMY HCTOHHHKY) HSUKOBUX «BJie-HHÄ. PemeHHe STOÖ AAFLAQN ocjiomHHeTCH PHHOM oöcTOHTejibCTB. Πρβ>ΚΒΒ scero, φρβ-aeOJIOrHHeCKHe eflHHHUbl CJiaBHHCKHX Η ßaJITHftCKHX H8bIKOB BUHBJieHbl Η OTpaiKeHbl Β cymecTByiomHx cjiOBapnx ΗΒΑΟΟΤΒΤΟΊΗΟ n0JiH0. OTcyTCTByioT τβκικβ BecbMa ΗΘ-oöxoflHMbie Β τβκοΗ cjiyiae HaflewtHbie HCTOIHHKH, coaepHtanjHe CBeneHHH ο npoHcxow-ΑΒΗΗΗ φpa3eM 3THX H3UKOB. ΚρΟΜβ ΤΟΓΟ (iTO OCOÖeHHO Ba?KHO), Ηβ BbipaÖOTaHa OKOH-HaTeJibHO MeTOflHKa paarpaHHieHHH φpaBe0JI0ΓH'^ecκHX napajijiejiett Η ΓβΗβτΗΐβοκΗ pOACTBeHHblX φρ33ΘΜ Cp&BHHBaGMblX H3UKOB. ΤΒΚΗΜ OÖpaSOM, BbI«ejieHHe Η ΟΠΫΟΒΗΗΒ φpaBeOJIOΠ^l^eCKHX COOTBeTCTBHft Β CJiaBHHCKHX Η SajlTHttCKHX fl3hIKäX MOWeT HMCTb npeABapHTejibHbiit Η Β HaeecTHOft ereneHH ycjiOBHuft xapaKTep. TunojiornqecKne ΦΡ33ΒΜΘΘΘΘΤΒΒΤΣΤΒΗΗ (HJIH ΦΡΒ3ΒΟΛΘΓΗ^ΒΟΚΗΒ NAPAJUIEJIH) OßJIAFLAIOT pHflOM xapaKTepHbix ΠΡΗΒΗΒΚΟΒ. Iipe>KJ;e ecero κ 3TOMy THny COOTB8TCTBHÄ OTHOCHTCH φρΒ3βΜΙ>Ι, Β OCHOBy KOTOpblX nOJIOHteHa "OÖmHOCTb ?ΚΗ8ΗβΗΗΟΓΟ OüblTa Η OTpamaiOmHX ero npoueccoB MuniJieHHH, oGnpiocTb, oflHOTHnHOCTb OTAejibHbix φορΜ oßpaaHoro ΒΗΑβΗΗΗ MHpa y caMbix paaHbix HapoflOB" 2 . 3TH φρβββΟΛΟΓΗΐβοκΗβ eflHHHi;i>i, najiee, ΗΜβιοτ, KaK npaBHJio, OTICTJIMBO omymaeMyio, "npoapaiHyw" BHyTpeHHioio φopMy (B OTflejibHbix cjiyianx oHa MOWCT 6bm> Β 6oJibmeö HJIH Meubmeö ετβπβΗΗ aaTeMHeHa). Β ,,HaeaJibHOM" cjiynae φρ38β(^0ΓΗηβϋΚΗε napajuiejiH aojuKHU npucyTCTBOBaTb (H, COOTBeTCTBeHHO, flOJITKHfal 6bITb 33φΗΚ0Ηρ0Β3ΗΜ) BO BCeX CJiaBHHCKHX Η ÖaJITHÖCKHX H3biKax, οαΗβκο STOT κρπτβρΗϋ He HOHteT 6hTTb onpeAejiHioipHM, nocKOJibwy φρ33βο-1 CM. R. Eckert, Minimale Textfragmente im Slawischen und ihre Entsprechungen im Baltischen. -Baltistica, IV/1 (1968), c. 79-91; OH we, Ha jiaTbiuiCKO-CJiaBHHCKHX οοοτΒβτοτΒΗϋ Β oPjiacTH $paaeoJiorHH. -IV. BcecoioaHaH κοΗφβρβΗμΗΗ 6ajrrncTOB (TeaHcu Äomiafloa). -PHra, 1980, c. 205 -206; R. Eckert, Balto-slawische Phraseologie. -ZfSl 27 (1982), c. 332 -341; 3. H. Konape, ÜHTepHai^HOHaJibHoe Η HauwoHaJibHoe B JiaTbiuicKnx nocjioBHuax Η noroBopptax. -Para, 1978; OHa me, Ηβκοτορυβ BUBOAU Ο 6aJiTo-cJiaBHHCKHx napaimeanx Β JiaTbiu...
Ігор Паньонко кандидат юридичних наук, доцент, завідувач кафедри цивільного права та процесу Навчально-наукового інституту права та психології Національного університету "Львівська політехніка",
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