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Дан краткий обзор основных представлений и достижений динамической теории сверхзвукового роста мартенситных кристаллов. Показано, что рассмотрение предельного случая высокой скорости роста позволяет добиться физической прозрачности и математической простоты описания. Акцентируется внимание на ряде актуальных задач нового этапа исследований. Ключевые слова: мартенситные превращения, начальное возбужденное состояние, сверхзвуковая скорость. A brief review of basic concepts and main achievements of the dynamic theory of supersonic growth of martensitic crystals is given. It is shown that consideration of the limiting case of high growth speed allows to achieve a physical transparency and mathematical simplicity of the description. The attention is focused on a number of open problems of a new the stage of research.

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Basic directions in the theory of martensitic transformations are briefly listed. Solutions of several important problems in the context of dynamic theory of reconstructive martensitic transformations are reviewed. The FCC-BCC (BCT) transformation in iron alloys is used as an example. Main attention is paid to concept links. In particular, the key role of the concept of initial exited state for realization of transformations with crystal growth at supersonic speed is shown. The leading value of this concept both for calculation of critical rates of austenite cooling and for estimation of scales of incubatory times at bainitic transformation is marked as well.