This article deals with issues related to the activities of an educational organization to promote employment of graduates of educational organizations that belong to the category of persons with disabilities and persons with disabilities. Attention is paid to the problems of formation and functioning of specialized structural divisions in higher education institutions, the structure and requirements for the personnel of such a division, the system of building an individual career trajectory and promoting employment, working with a psychologist in self-determination and building an individual career, organizing work practices for people with disabilities, working with potential employers.
Human resources are the most important factor in the socio-economic development of the economy, including the economy of the agricultural sphere (meaning the organic unity of agricultural production and rural areas). In this regard, the authors of the study pay special attention to the analysis of the situation of its staffing, primarily in terms of studying the processes occurring in the human resources potential of mass professions, specialists and managers of agricultural organizations in Russia. The analysis was carried out according to the departmental reports of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation. The article shows the dependence of the agricultural labor market, characterized by a shortage of personnel, both mass professions and specialists, on the internal factor (training of personnel) and external (attraction of migrants), examines the modern agricultural labor market, describes the multidirectional trends in the supply of labor both at the expense of migrants and at the expense of the domestic system of professionalization of personnel. It is determined that the outflow of rural population within and between the regions of Russia is more extensive than the inflow due to migration exchange with foreign countries, this disparity increases during the pandemic caused by COVID-19 and related social distancing measures. At the same time, despite the constantly observed decline in the number of workers in mass professions in the agro-industrial complex, the availability of jobs is almost at the same level of 93–95 %. It is shown that the income of migrants and the transfer of part of the funds to the countries of emigration have a positive effect on GDP growth and poverty reduction in these countries, and the quality of exported labor also improves. The relationship between rural migration and agricultural production is revealed. As a result of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the state migration policy should stimulate the consolidation of the rural population and the return migration of the urban population to the rural area, and increase the attractiveness of rural areas for resettlement through the formation of unified rural-urban labor markets and rural-urban agglomerations.
Relevance and novelty of the work. The article discusses approaches to supporting rural areas in the countries of the European Union, provides examples of areas for supporting rural areas in different periods. An overview of the objectives of the Common Agricultural Policy in the European Union from the 1950s to the present is presented. Researchers note unsatisfactory living conditions in rural areas of Russia, a large territorial differentiation of the quality of life. The authors reveal the main mechanisms of the integrated development of rural areas in the Russian Federation. Based on the analysis of the modern socioeconomic situation of rural areas in Russia and foreign practice, they consider the potential opportunities for rural development in the future and the feasibility of diversifying the rural economy for the sustainable development of rural areas in Russia; give proposals for urgent actions that contribute to the formation of an active position of the population in rural development and the massive involvement of the rural community in activities aimed at the integrated development of rural areas. Objective. Based on the analysis of the agricultural policy of the European Union and the current socio-economic situation of rural areas in Russia, develop proposals for involving the rural community in the development of initiative projects within the framework of the Departmental target program "Modern appearance of rural areas" and for their implementation. Propose topical directions for diversification of the rural economy as a mechanism for an integrated approach to the development of rural areas. Materials and research methods. The materials of our own research, regulatory documents, scientifi c publications, the Internet were used. In the course of the study, general scientific methods were used: monographic, analysis, comparison. Research results. Proposed and substantiated activities aimed at attracting the rural community to the implementation of initiative projects within the framework of the Departmental target program "Modern appearance of rural areas", on the development of new types of economic activities for the socio-economic development of rural areas, preserving the rural population, improving their quality of life and intensifi cation of the process of counter-urbanization.
A new mechanism for assistance to the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) and rural areas of the Union State of Belarus and Russia — the project «Development and improvement of supplementary vocational education of managers and specialists of the agro-industrial complex of the Union State of Belarus and Russia on the basis of a single educational and innovative platform» — is suggested in this article. The project is aimed at improvement of the career development system and the system of professional retraining of personnel, improving the professional level of managers and specialists of the agro-industrial complex of the union state. We put the following as targets: the development of principles and mechanisms for improving the integrated system of professional retraining, career development system, internship of AIC personnel and scientifi c and pedagogical personnel of educational institutions of Belarus and Russia; improvement and harmonization of the learning and teaching base of the system of supplementary vocational agricultural education; implementation of joint educational retraining programs, professional development programs for managers and specialists of agri-sphere organizations; organization of joint internships to get skilled in using modern production and management technologies in leading organizations of the AIC, scientific and educational institutions of Belarus and Russia.
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