Common origanum is one of the most famous spices, it is popular all over the world. The purpose of this work is to conduct a comparative assessment of the yield of raw plant materials and the content of essential oils in common origanum plants. Field research was carried out in 2019-2020 at the experimental field of the Northern Trans Urals Research Institute - a branch of the Tyumen Research Center SB RAS (Moskovsky settlement of the Tyumen district). The soil of the experimental site belongs to the subtype of dark gray forest, heavy loamy according to the granulometric composition. From the studied 350 common origanum samples, 16 samples were isolated. All samples were evaluated according to the following criteria: the yield of raw plant materials and the amount of essential oil. The Khutoryanka variety is accepted as the standard. For two years of research, three samples were distinguished from the studied samples of common origanum in terms of the yield of raw plant materials compared to the standard: 12-2-2; 13-2-1; 15-2-1, the yield of these numbers was from 3.6 to 3.9 t/ha, this is (13.3, 10.0, 6.6 %) higher than the standard. From the studied samples of common origanum, two samples were distinguished by the content of essential oils in dry plant materials - 14-2-3 and 21-1-1. The harvest per hectare of these samples was, respectively, 750 and 928 ml in 2019, and in 2020, 1026 and 1120 ml/ha.
The aim of the research is to study the collections of oregano for winter hardiness in the conditions of the Northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region in order to select the best genotypes. The material for the study was 23 specimens of oregano, collection selections were taken from the collection of the All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.I. Vavilov, as well as from different regions. N.I. Vavilov, as well as from different regions of the Tyumen region. The experiment was planted in 2017 using the seedling method. Field studies were conducted in 2017-2019 in the experimental field of the Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Trans-Ural - Branch of the Federal Research Center Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of RAS (Moskovsky settlement, Tyumen district), which is located in the northern forest-steppe. The soil is dark grey forest, heavy loam. The reaction of the soil solution in the salt extract is 5.5...6.8 (GOST 26483-85). Soil humus content (on absolutely dry matter) was 1,50...4,75 % (GOST 26213-91), P2O5 was 7,6...18,0 mg/100 g of soil; K2O was 8,0...25,7 mg/100 g of soil (GOST 26204-91). Observations and records were conducted according to the methodology of the State Crop Variety Test. Meteorological conditions in 2017-2019 varied considerably from the mean annual values. As a result of the analysis of the presented 23 genotypes winter hardiness of oregano in the first year of life is 68...100 %, and in the second year of life 94...97 %. Genotype T-3 has high winter hardiness, while its losses during wintering were recorded only in the second year of life at 3%. The greatest number of rooted plants was recorded for genotypes K-1 (94 %), M-2 (93 %), K-2 (93 %), which was 8...9 % higher than the standard variety. The high level of plant survival was established in genotypes before wintering in the second year of life and in the spring of the third year of life and amounted to 94...97 %
Аграрный вестник Урала № 09 (176), 2018 г. Удк 635.631.811(571.12) ЗавиСимоСтЬ Содержания ЭФирных маСел от климатичеСких УСловий тЮменСкой облаСти У выделенных обраЗЦов HYSSOPUS OFFICINALIS и ORIGANUM VULGARE В. Г. ГУБАНОВ, кандидат сельскохозяйственных наук, старший научный сотрудник, Научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Северного Зауральяфилиал Тюменского научного центра Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук (625501, Тюменская обл., Тюменский р-н, п. Московский, ул. Бурлаки, д. 2) Ключевые слова: душица обыкновенная, иссоп лекарственный, лекарственное сырье, сухая масса, эфирное масло, погодные условия, температура. Проведено изучение душицы обыкновенной и иссопа лекарственного, отборы и коллекционные образцы которых были взяты из коллекции ВИР, образцов иностранной селекции и эндемичных (местных) форм различных регионов Тюменской области. Все собранные образцы были завезены на опытное поле, где были размещены согласно схеме полевого опыта. Опыт был заложен в 2013 г. по пару рассадным способом. Установлено, что в накоплении эфирного масла положительное влияние оказывают температуры от 20 до 25 ºС, а на количество лекарственного сырья положительно влияют температуры от 15 до 20 ºС в период отрастания растений. Из двадцати шести образцов иссопа лекарственного в течение 3 лет вегетации в качестве самых эффективных по накоплению эфирного масла можно выделить три образца. На первом месте образец номер 1-1,2, который в 2015 г. показал незначительный выход эфирного масла до 0,3 %, в 2016 г. -до 4,0 % и в 2017 г. -до 3,7 %. На втором месте образец под номером 4-1,3. В 2015 г. он показал выход до 0,32 %, в 2016 г. -3,8 % и в 2017 г. -3,5 %. Третий образец под номером 3-1,4 в 2015 г. содержал эфирного масла 0,23 %, в 2016 г. -3,7 %, а в 2017 г. -3,5 %. Из пятнадцати образцов душицы обыкновенной выделяются два образца с повышенным содержанием эфирного масла. На первом месте образец под номером М-1,3 с максимальным содержанием эфирного масла в 2016 г. 0,34 %, а на втором месте номер Т-1,1 с содержанием эфирного масла в 2016 г. 0,31 %. candidate of agricultural sciences, senior researcher, Research Institute of Agriculture of the Northern Urals, Branch of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (2 Burlaki Str., Tyumenskii dist., 625501, Tyumen reg.)Keywords: common oregano, medicinal hyssop, medicinal raw materials, dry mass, essential oil, weather conditions, temperature.The subjects of the study were the common oregano and hyssop medicinal, the samples and collection samples of which were taken from the collection of VIR, samples of foreign selection and endemic (local) forms of various regions of the Tyumen region. All collected samples were brought to the experimental field, where they were placed according to the scheme of field experience. The experiment was founded in 2013 in a couple of seedlings. The accumulation of essential oil is positively influenced by temperatures from 20 to 25 °C, and the amount of medicinal raw material is at temp...
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