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The relative space motions of the Sun and nearby stars are considered. The coordinates and velocities of the stars are taken from the Catalogue of Nearby Stars by Gliese and Jahreiss (1991). Th e minimum space separat,ion between the Sun and every star as well as the corresponding moment of time are calculated by two ways. Firstly, the straight line motions are considered. Secondly, the effect of the Galaxy potential is taken into account. The Galaxy model proposed by Kutuzov and Ossipkov (1989) is used. Twenty five stars approaching the Sun closer than two parsecs are selected. The effects of the uncertainties in the observational data are studied. The influence of the encounters to the Oort cloud is discussed.

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Redshifts of supernova (SN) and gamma‐ray burst (GRB) samples are compared with the pixel temperatures of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) seven‐year data, the pixel locations corresponding to the SN and GRB sky coordinates. We have found a statistically significant correlation of the SN redshifts with the WMAP data, the average temperature deviation being for redshifts z ranging from 0.5 to 1.0 and for z∈ (0.0, 0.4). The latter value accords with the theoretical estimates for the distortion of the cosmic microwave background due to the integrated Sachs–Wolfe effect, whereas the larger anomaly for higher redshifts should be studied in more detail in the future.