1 ГБОУ ВПО Нижегородская государственная медицинская академия, 2 ГБУЗ НО «Детская инфекционная больница №8», Нижний Новгород, Россия Под наблюдением находилось 209 детей первого года жизни, поступивших на стационарное лечение с диагнозом коклюш. По показаниям у 41 пациента в комплексном лечении применялась ИВЛ. Представлен ряд параметров ИВЛ и последовательность их использования при коклюше в случае развития продолжительных апноэ. Обоснована необходимость вакцинопрофилактики коклюша. Ключевые слова: дети первого года жизни, коклюш, апноэ, параметры ИВЛ, вакцинопрофилактикаWe observed 209 children the first year of life, admitted to inpatient treatment with a diagnosis of whooping cough (pertussis). In 41 patients there was the need for mechanical ventilation in treatment. Presents a number of ventilator parameters and sequence of their use in whooping cough in the event of prolonged apnea. The need for vaccinoprophylaxis of pertussis is grounded.
Ротавирусная инфекция проявляется, в ряде случаев, не только поражением желудочно-кишечного тракта, но и вовлечением в патологический процесс других органов и систем. Представлен клинический случай ротавирусного менингита у девочки четырех лет, подтвержденный выявлением РНК вируса в ликворе методом ПЦР, при одновременном обнаружении вируса в кале методом ИФА.
Under the supervision there were 301 children hospitalized in an infectious hospital with a diagnosis of rotavirus infection. All children were examined for the presence of human herpes virus DNA 4, 5 and type 6 (EBV, CMV, HHV6) in the blood. The majority of hospitalized children with rotavirus infection were under 3 years of age (85.7%). Revealed a high percentage of children of different ages with herpes viral infections in the active phase. In the case of monoinfection, the most frequent active infection was caused by HHV6 type (45.5%). In the case of an associated infectious process, the predominant viruses were EBV and HHV6 (29.3%). Children with active herpes virus who had a rotavirus infection need follow-up monitoring.
The aim of the investigation was to estimate the relation of CD95 and DR3 receptors activation with apoptosis level of naive cytotoxic Т-lymphocytes (nCТL) in children with acute infectious mononucleosis (AIM).Materials and Methods. The test materials were peripheral blood samples of healthy children and children with AIM. nCTL were isolated by negative immunоmagnetic separation. Specific activation of CD95 and DR3 receptors was performed using monoclonal antibodies. An apoptosis level and expression of receptors were studied by flow cytometry.Results. The percentage of cell apoptosis decreased in children with AIM in freshly isolated nCTL, as well as in CD95 receptor activation compared to healthy children. nCTL apoptosis in healthy children regardless of culture conditions was accompanied by the reduced quantity of CD95 + DR3 -cells and CD95 expression density on their surface. In children with AIM the decrease of these indices required CD95 activation. Compared to healthy children, the percentage of CD95 + DR3 + cells in children with AIM decreased in CD95 activation. In CD95 receptor activation in healthy children and children with AIM, the content of CD95 + DR3 + cells correlated directly with an apoptosis level. DR3 receptor activation was accompanied neither by nCTL apoptosis level change nor the changed content of DR3 + cells in both healthy children and children with AIM.Conclusion. nCTL are less sensitive to apoptosis in children with AIM compared to healthy children. DR3 receptor activation results in no change of nCTL apoptosis level both in healthy children and children with AIM. CD95 activation in patients with AIM is accompanied by increased resistance of CD95 + DR3 -cells to apoptosis and the susceptibility to apoptosis of CD95 + DR3 + cells. The evaluation of nCTL susceptibility to CD95-induced apoptosis in AIM can serve as a subtest to assess the state of a cell component of immune system.
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